井工煤岩瓦斯动力灾害探测技术研究与运用

发布时间：2018-06-03 11:38

本文选题：动力灾害 + 微震监测　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于我国的地质地貌特征相对复杂，地下煤矿储量占到我国煤炭总量的95%以上。在地下煤矿中，浅层煤层占的比例不大，地下煤层大多埋藏较深。因此在井工煤炭的开采过程当中，经常会发生一些动力灾害，包括煤与瓦斯突出、瓦斯爆炸、顶板冒落、水突出等事件。而且动力灾害往往具有突发性，在很短时间内发生猛烈的破坏现象。这就给煤炭的安全生产造成了很大的困难，同时也危害了矿工的生命安全。本文以新汶矿业中的原泉沟煤矿为研究背景，主要研究煤与瓦斯突出的机理并寻找解决措施。本文中以综合作用假说解释了瓦斯突出的原理，使用声发射探测技术对所需监测的区域进行连续、实时监测，结合一定的软件分析处理最终得出监测区域发生突出的可能性，并指导防突措施的施工。本文的主要内容包括一下几个方面:一、首先说明了进行该课题研究的背景，同时简单的介绍了常见的预测煤与瓦斯突出的方法。最终本轮文选用最为先进、科学的动态非接触连续监测方法，能有效的监测几乎所有的声发射信号，对声发射源的定位更为精确。二、根据综合作用假说，将瓦斯突出的过程分为5个阶段，并对各个过程进行了详细的分析。在这些过程中的应力变化、瓦斯浓度的变化，以及声发射现象的变化规律进行了研究，为监测系统的应用，，提供理论支持。三、采用ESG公司提供的MMS微震监测系统，实现24小时不间断的对数据采集、处理，克服了传统方法强度大、操作复杂、预测精确不够精确，不能实现实时监控，防止在非监测期间发生瓦斯突出。原泉沟煤矿建立的监测系统，针对矿区高应力区、突出围岩破裂进行监测、定位并及时分析；在此基础上，借助科学计算，对监测信息进行分析、处理，建立一套适合于该矿区的理论依据和利于操作的矿井煤与瓦斯突出的预报分析的监测系统，为实现矿山动力灾害长期预报奠定基础。由于本系统刚刚建立，并且现在开采的煤层瓦斯涌出量不大，微震事件不多，但是通过对微震监测的数据进行分析，及时捕捉采矿活动引起的煤岩震动事件，为地压活动的监测以及突出灾害的预测提供可靠的技术支持。
[Abstract]:Because of the relatively complex geological and geomorphological features, the underground coal reserves account for more than 95% of the total coal in China. In underground coal mines, the proportion of shallow coal seams is not large, and most underground coal seams are deeply buried. Therefore, in the process of coal mining, some dynamic disasters often occur, including coal and gas outburst, gas explosion, roof caving, water outburst and so on. And dynamic disasters are often sudden, in a very short period of time violent destruction phenomenon. This has caused great difficulties to the safety of coal production, but also endangers the safety of miners. Based on Yuanquangou coal mine in Xinwen mining industry, this paper mainly studies the mechanism of coal and gas outburst and looks for solutions. In this paper, the principle of gas outburst is explained with the hypothesis of comprehensive action, and the possibility of outburst in monitoring area is obtained by using acoustic emission detection technology to monitor the area continuously and in real time, and combining with certain software analysis and processing. And guide the construction of anti-outburst measures. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects: firstly, the background of the research is explained, and the common methods of predicting coal and gas outburst are introduced briefly. Finally, the most advanced and scientific dynamic non-contact continuous monitoring method is used in this paper, which can effectively monitor almost all acoustic emission signals and locate the acoustic emission source more accurately. Secondly, according to the comprehensive action hypothesis, the gas outburst process is divided into five stages, and each process is analyzed in detail. The changes of stress, gas concentration and acoustic emission in these processes are studied, which provides theoretical support for the application of the monitoring system. Thirdly, using the MMS microseismic monitoring system provided by ESG Company, the data acquisition and processing is realized 24 hours without interruption. It overcomes the traditional methods, such as large intensity, complicated operation, inaccurate prediction, and unable to realize real-time monitoring. Prevent gas outburst during non-monitoring. The monitoring system established in Yuanquangou coal mine is used to monitor, locate and analyze the rupture of surrounding rock in the high stress area of mining area, and on this basis, with the aid of scientific calculation, the monitoring information is analyzed and processed. A set of monitoring system for prediction and analysis of mine coal and gas outburst, which is suitable for the mining area, is established, which lays a foundation for the long-term prediction of mine dynamic disasters. Because the system has just been established, and the coal seam gas emission is not large and the microseismic events are not many, but through the analysis of the data of microseismic monitoring, the coal and rock vibration events caused by mining activities can be caught in time. It provides reliable technical support for the monitoring of ground pressure activities and the prediction of outburst disasters.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD712

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