真空制冰矿井降温输冰关键技术的研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 16:01

本文选题：真空制冰 + 气动输送　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于一个超过1000m深度甚至更深的矿井来说,一个很大的难题就是如何设计一个可行的制冷系统以保证井下有一个较好的工作环境。然而仅仅依靠通风系统是无法带走全部热量带走的,因此使用冷水作为冷媒来吸收并带走大部分的热量,吸收热量后升温的水再被水泵打到地面。但是利用冷水存在一些问题,例如用水量大,沿程温升,渗漏等；如果利用冰来代替水作为冷媒,在吸收井下同等热量的情况下,将节省四分之一的用量,这节约了很大的能源和费用。因此,本文不同于以往研究冷水做冷媒,而是研究冰作为冷媒的矿井制冷系统。一般而言,矿井管道输送有两种形态的冰：一种称为硬冰,一种称为冰浆。硬冰就是完全干燥的冰,按形状不同又可以分为片冰、板冰、颗粒冰等；冰浆就是通过脱水冰水混合物制得,其中含有大概65%~75%冰晶固体。不同形态的冰有不同的制取方式,本文主要研究真空制冰方式。由于输冰的形态不同,输冰管路系统的设计也各有特点。一个完整的输冰系统管路包括若干水平和垂直部分。如何顺利地将冰从地面输送至井下,采用何种输送方式,是本文研究的重点。对于气动输冰而言,系统设计主要考虑的是如何防止冰堵,可保证输送又具有经济性的输气速度为多大,冰浆和冰粒在管道中的流动和压降情况如何等因素。因为管道输冰时,空气占据了绝大部分的体积分数,因此空气和冰的流动可以近似地看成是一个关于空气和潮湿固体的两相流。
[Abstract]:For a mine more than 1000m deep or deeper, a big problem is how to design a feasible refrigeration system to ensure a better working environment. However, the ventilation system alone cannot take all the heat away, so cold water is used as a refrigerant to absorb and take away most of the heat, and then the heated water is pumped to the ground. However, there are some problems with using cold water, such as high water consumption, rising temperature along the path, leakage, etc. If ice is used instead of water as refrigerant, it will save 1/4 of the amount of water if it absorbs the same heat in the downhole. This saves a lot of energy and costs. Therefore, this paper is different from previous research on cold water as refrigerant, but on mine refrigeration system of ice as refrigerant. Generally speaking, mine pipes carry two types of ice: one called hard ice and one called ice slurry. Hard ice is completely dry ice, which can be divided into pieces of ice, plate ice, granular ice and so on according to different shapes. Ice slurry is made from a mixture of dehydrated ice water, which contains about 65% of ice crystal solids. Different forms of ice have different ways of making ice. Because of the different shape of ice transportation, the design of ice pipeline system has its own characteristics. A complete ice conveying system includes several horizontal and vertical parts. How to smoothly transport ice from the ground to the underground and how to transport it is the focus of this paper. As far as pneumatic ice transportation is concerned, the system design is mainly concerned with how to prevent ice blockage, how large the gas transport speed is, what the flow and pressure drop of ice slurry and ice particles are in the pipeline. Because the air takes up most of the volume fraction when the pipe ice is transported, the flow of air and ice can be approximately regarded as a two-phase flow of air and moist solid.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD727

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