基于20L球形爆炸装置的甲烷对煤尘爆炸影响实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 15:53

本文选题：瓦斯爆炸 + 20L球形　；参考：《中北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故频发一直困扰我国安监系统和各级政府，虽然近几年全国煤炭行业矿井瓦斯爆炸事故有所下降，但在局部地区、局部矿区，情况仍然不容乐观。比如在矿井集中区、西部欠发达贫困地区，，这一问题依然严重。为应对煤矿瓦斯爆炸，国家投入了大量的财力、物力，建立了完备的安全生产法律法规体系，组织安全工程师队伍，并不断加大安全技术研究投入，从法律、管理、技术多方面采取措施予以解决。论文利用实验室自行研制的20L球形爆炸装置，从甲烷浓度、煤尘浓度、煤尘粒径三个因素对煤尘爆炸特性的影响入手，研究了纯煤尘爆炸特性、甲烷对煤尘爆炸压力及下限的影响，得到以下结果。（1）对200g/m~3~800g/m~3纯煤尘爆炸进行实验研究，结果表明，随着煤尘浓度增加，爆炸压力先升高后降低，煤尘粒径45μｍ以下、45～48μｍ、54～61μｍ、61～75μｍ，都在600g/m~3时有最大的爆炸压力值。并且随着粒径的增大，煤尘最大爆炸压力依次减小。（2）对100g/m~3及以下浓度的纯煤尘爆炸实验表明，随着浓度的增加，煤尘的爆炸压力值是递增的。而随着粒径的增大，煤尘的爆炸压力值却是递减的。（3）对100g/m~3及以下浓度的煤尘甲烷爆炸实验表明，加入甲烷后，一方面提高了煤粉爆炸威力，另一方面降低了爆炸下限。纯煤尘情况下，45μｍ以下的煤尘粒径，爆炸下限为60g/m~3，而加入甲烷后，1%、3%、5%甲烷对应的下限值却变化为45g/m~3、37g/m~3、30g/m~3。（4）对甲烷浓度3%、不同煤尘粒径的气粉混合爆炸实验结果显示，在近下限浓度范围，粒径对爆炸压力和爆炸下限有两方面的影响：一是甲烷煤尘混合爆炸要比纯煤尘爆炸威力大，最大爆炸压力由无甲烷时的0.2007MPa上升到含甲烷时的0.2501MPa；二是随着粒径降低，爆炸强度不断增大，爆炸下限不断上升。（5）甲烷浓度1%~5%、煤尘浓度100g/m~3以下、四种煤尘粒径这三类因素都变化的情况下，在任何两个因素一定的情况下，其中之一都对爆炸压力和爆炸下限存在规律性的影响，这类规律同高浓度煤尘，或者低挥发分煤粉条件下的结论一致，并测得不同甲烷浓度和不同煤尘粒径对应的爆炸下限。
[Abstract]:The frequent occurrence of coal mine gas explosion accidents has been perplexing the safety supervision system and governments at all levels of our country. Although the mine gas explosion accidents in the national coal industry have declined in recent years, the situation is still not optimistic in local areas and local mining areas. For example, in mine concentration areas, the western underdeveloped poor areas, this problem remains serious. In order to deal with coal mine gas explosion, the state has invested a lot of financial and material resources, established a complete system of safety production laws and regulations, organized a team of safety engineers, and continuously increased the investment in safety technology research, from the law, management, Various technical measures are taken to solve the problem. In this paper, a 20L spherical explosive device developed by the laboratory is used to study the explosion characteristics of pure coal dust, starting with the effects of methane concentration and particle size of coal dust on the explosion characteristics of coal dust. The effects of methane on the explosion pressure and lower limit of coal dust are obtained. (1) the experimental study on 200g/m~3~800g/m~3 pure coal dust explosion shows that the explosion pressure increases first and then decreases with the increase of coal dust concentration. The particle size of coal dust is less than 45 渭 m (45 渭 m) and 48 渭 m ~ (54) ~ (61) 渭 m ~ (61) ~ (65) 渭 m, all of which have the maximum explosion pressure at 600g/m~3. And with the increase of particle size, the maximum explosion pressure of coal dust decreases in turn. (2) the experimental results of pure coal dust explosion with the concentration of 100g/m~3 and below show that the explosion pressure of coal dust increases with the increase of concentration. However, the explosion pressure of coal dust decreases with the increase of particle size. (3) the explosion test of coal dust methane with 100g/m~3 and below concentration shows that, on the one hand, the explosion power of pulverized coal powder is increased after adding methane. On the other hand, the lower limit of explosion is lowered. In the case of pure coal dust, the lower explosion limit of coal dust below 45 渭 m is 60 g / m ~ (3), but after adding methane, the corresponding lower limit of 5% methane varies to 45 g / m ~ 337 g / m ~ (3) ~ (3) g / m ~ (3). (4) the experimental results of gas-powder mixed explosion with different particle size and concentration of methane show that In the near lower limit concentration range, the particle size has two effects on the explosion pressure and explosion lower limit. One is that the mixed explosion of methane coal dust is more powerful than that of pure coal dust explosion, the maximum explosion pressure increases from 0.2007MPa without methane to 0.2501MPa when methane is contained. Second, with the decrease of particle size, the explosion intensity increases, and the lower limit of explosion increases. (5) methane concentration 1 and 5, coal dust concentration below 100g/m~3, and the four kinds of coal dust particle size all change. Under any given condition of two factors, one of them has a regular effect on the explosion pressure and the lower limit of explosion, which is consistent with the conclusion under the condition of high concentration coal dust or low volatile pulverized coal. The explosion lower limit corresponding to different methane concentration and different coal dust particle size was obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD714.5

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