严寒地区村镇综合防灾体系规划研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 11:16

本文选题：综合防灾体系 + 严寒地区　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国灾害种类多、分布地域广、发生频率高、造成损失重,而灾害的发生及其所造成的危害主要集中在广大村镇地区。严寒地区灾害的类别、分布、程度、危害都具有明显的地方特征,总体表现为气象灾害较多,地质灾害较少,由于冬季时间长,因寒冷气候而产生的各种灾害较多,也易出现如雪崩、滑坡等诱发灾害;我国严寒地区森林、草原、农田分布广阔,成为受影响最广泛的承灾体,各种原因导致的火灾、生物灾害是危害它们的主要灾种;各类灾害过去时,易引发冻害等次生灾害。本文从严寒地区村镇受灾情况和规划建设中的灾害防范情况出发,在深入调研不同镇域、镇区和村庄的基础上,研究严寒地区村镇灾害种类的分布与特征,分析严寒地区村镇受灾害影响的特殊性;了解严寒地区村镇现行灾害防灾体系的组织结构和行动机制,各类承灾体的防范措施,以及安全制度的现行情况。通过实例分析与先进经验的对比,解析现有体系的不适宜性和不完整性;构建完整的严寒地区村镇综合防灾体系:根据严寒地区村镇灾害的特殊性,以及严寒地区村镇防灾措施的特殊性,参照现有防灾体系,构建严寒地区村镇综合防灾体系规划的框架,并完善各项防灾策略,为防灾减灾提供合理化建议。对严寒地区村镇灾害的研究,可以总结出现有严寒地区村镇的灾害种类和特点,区别于我国其他地区灾害,为我国灾害研究中的区域灾害综合研究补充内容,也为严寒地区村镇防灾工作提供可靠依据,为严寒地区村镇发展建设贡献力量;为严寒地区村镇防灾拓宽思路,完善规划内容。本文通过严寒地区村镇灾害综合防灾体系的构建,更为科学地为其村镇防灾规划提供优化方向,满足严寒地区救灾特殊性,满足村镇防灾本土适宜性的要求;此外,从村镇的方向拓宽综合防灾的理论研究。本文以严寒地区的村镇防灾体系规划为研究对象,对综合防灾理论起到丰富完善的作用,并为村镇防灾减灾的研究提供理论参考。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of disasters in China with wide distribution, high frequency of occurrence and heavy losses. However, the occurrence of disasters and the harm caused by them are mainly concentrated in the vast areas of villages and towns. The types, distribution, degree and harm of disasters in severe cold areas all have obvious local characteristics. In general, there are more meteorological disasters, fewer geological disasters, and more disasters caused by cold weather because of the long winter time. The forest, grassland and farmland are widely distributed in severe cold areas of our country, and become the most widely affected disaster bearing body. The fire caused by various reasons, biological disaster is the main disaster that endangers them. All kinds of disasters in the past, easy to cause secondary disasters such as freezing damage. Starting from the disaster situation of villages and towns in severe cold areas and disaster prevention in planning and construction, this paper studies the distribution and characteristics of disaster types in villages and towns in severe cold areas on the basis of in-depth investigation of different town areas, towns and villages. This paper analyzes the particularity of villages and towns affected by disasters in severe cold areas, and understands the organizational structure and action mechanism of current disaster prevention systems in cold areas, the preventive measures of various disaster bearing bodies, and the current situation of safety systems. Through the comparison between the case analysis and the advanced experience, the author analyzes the inappropriateness and incompleteness of the existing system, constructs the integrated disaster prevention system of the villages and towns in the severe cold area: according to the particularity of the village and town disaster in the severe cold area, And the particularity of disaster prevention measures of villages and towns in severe cold areas, referring to the existing disaster prevention system, the framework of comprehensive disaster prevention system planning for villages and towns in severe cold areas is constructed, and various disaster prevention strategies are perfected to provide reasonable suggestions for disaster prevention and mitigation. The research on village and town disaster in severe cold area can summarize the disaster types and characteristics of villages and towns in severe cold area, which is different from other disasters in our country, and it is a supplement to the comprehensive study of regional disaster in our country disaster research. It also provides a reliable basis for the disaster prevention work of villages and towns in severe cold areas, contributes to the development and construction of villages and towns in cold areas, broadens the ideas for disaster prevention in cold areas, and perfects the planning contents. Through the construction of comprehensive disaster prevention system of villages and towns in severe cold areas, this paper provides an optimized direction for disaster prevention planning of villages and towns more scientifically, satisfies the particularity of disaster relief in severe cold areas, and meets the requirements of local suitability for disaster prevention in villages and towns. Broaden the theoretical research of comprehensive disaster prevention from the direction of villages and towns. This paper takes the disaster prevention system planning of villages and towns in frigid areas as the research object, plays a rich and perfect role in comprehensive disaster prevention theory, and provides a theoretical reference for the study of disaster prevention and mitigation in villages and towns.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU982.29;X4

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