船舶火灾事故应急物资优化配备问题研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 14:05
【摘要】：船舶在海上航行会面临各种风险,如碰撞、触礁、触损、搁浅、浪损、火灾爆炸等事故,船舶火灾事故在船舶各类事故中所占的比例并不是很大,但是由于船舶火灾事故一旦发生,很容易造成船舶的全损。同时,由于船舶火灾事故发生地点的特殊性,事故难以得到及时全面地救援,导致船舶火灾事故的危害性很大。减少船舶火灾事故的损失,可以从降低事故发生的概率和减少事故发生后造成的损失两方面着手。因此,系统地研究防护、自我免疫以及救援物资的配备,确定合理的应急物资配备水平对减少船舶火灾事故造成的损失具有重大意义。 本文研究船舶火灾事故应急物资的配备,以时间效益最大以及灾害损失最小为目标,遵循快速响应、防救结合、优化配置以及系统性原则,从系统的角度出发,采用控制理论方法,确定事故发生前应急物资的合理配备水平。论文首先从系统的研究角度构建了应对船舶火灾事故的安全与应急物资配备系统,认为基于事前的物资配备包括防护、自我免疫以及救援三个阶段,分析了系统的结构和功能。然后依据控制理论方法,认为系统的三个阶段相互联系,相互影响,防护、自我免疫以及救援在时间上有先后顺序,并且救援阶段对自我免疫和防护有反馈作用,自我免疫阶段对防护阶段有反馈作用,从而影响阶段物资投入量的大小,通过对系统三个阶段的分析,抽象出系统的控制流程,建立了以损失最小为目标的数学模型,并认为模型在每一阶段物资投入量对阈值的边际贡献相等时达到最优。最后给出算例分析,假定函数关系和相关参数已知,通过对模型的MATLAB仿真计算,得到物资配备系统三个阶段物资配备的比例,最终确定了船舶火灾事故应急物资的配备量,验证了控制论在该领域应用的正确性。
[Abstract]:Ships in the sea will face a variety of risks, such as collision, reef, contact damage, grounding, wave damage, fire explosion and other accidents, ship fire accidents in all kinds of accidents in the ship is not very large, However, once a ship fire accident occurs, it is easy to cause total damage to the ship. At the same time, because of the particularity of the place where the ship fire accident occurs, it is difficult to get timely and comprehensive rescue, which leads to the great harmfulness of the ship fire accident. To reduce the loss of ship fire accident, we can reduce the probability of the accident and the loss caused by the accident. Therefore, it is of great significance to study systematically the protection, self-immunity and the allocation of rescue materials, and to determine the reasonable level of emergency supplies to reduce the loss caused by ship fire accidents. This paper studies the allocation of emergency materials for ship fire accident, aiming at the maximum time benefit and minimum disaster loss, following the principles of quick response, combination of prevention and rescue, optimization of allocation and system, and proceeding from the point of view of system. The control theory is used to determine the reasonable allocation level of emergency materials before the accident. In this paper, the system of safety and emergency equipment for ship fire accident is constructed from the point of view of system research. The structure and function of the system are analyzed based on the three stages of protection, self-immunization and rescue. Then according to the control theory and method, it is considered that the three stages of the system are interrelated, interacted, protected, self-immunized and rescued in order of time, and the rescue stage has feedback effect on self-immunization and protection. The self-immunization stage has feedback effect on the protection stage, thus affecting the size of the material input load in the stage. Through the analysis of the three stages of the system, the control flow of the system is abstracted, and the mathematical model aiming at the minimum loss is established. It is considered that the model is optimal when the marginal contribution of material input to the threshold is equal at each stage. Finally, an example is given, which assumes that the functional relationship and related parameters are known. Through the MATLAB simulation of the model, the proportion of the three stages of the material supply system is obtained, and the quantity of the emergency materials for the ship fire accident is finally determined. The correctness of the application of cybernetics in this field is verified.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.4
本文编号：2132135
[Abstract]:Ships in the sea will face a variety of risks, such as collision, reef, contact damage, grounding, wave damage, fire explosion and other accidents, ship fire accidents in all kinds of accidents in the ship is not very large, However, once a ship fire accident occurs, it is easy to cause total damage to the ship. At the same time, because of the particularity of the place where the ship fire accident occurs, it is difficult to get timely and comprehensive rescue, which leads to the great harmfulness of the ship fire accident. To reduce the loss of ship fire accident, we can reduce the probability of the accident and the loss caused by the accident. Therefore, it is of great significance to study systematically the protection, self-immunity and the allocation of rescue materials, and to determine the reasonable level of emergency supplies to reduce the loss caused by ship fire accidents. This paper studies the allocation of emergency materials for ship fire accident, aiming at the maximum time benefit and minimum disaster loss, following the principles of quick response, combination of prevention and rescue, optimization of allocation and system, and proceeding from the point of view of system. The control theory is used to determine the reasonable allocation level of emergency materials before the accident. In this paper, the system of safety and emergency equipment for ship fire accident is constructed from the point of view of system research. The structure and function of the system are analyzed based on the three stages of protection, self-immunization and rescue. Then according to the control theory and method, it is considered that the three stages of the system are interrelated, interacted, protected, self-immunized and rescued in order of time, and the rescue stage has feedback effect on self-immunization and protection. The self-immunization stage has feedback effect on the protection stage, thus affecting the size of the material input load in the stage. Through the analysis of the three stages of the system, the control flow of the system is abstracted, and the mathematical model aiming at the minimum loss is established. It is considered that the model is optimal when the marginal contribution of material input to the threshold is equal at each stage. Finally, an example is given, which assumes that the functional relationship and related parameters are known. Through the MATLAB simulation of the model, the proportion of the three stages of the material supply system is obtained, and the quantity of the emergency materials for the ship fire accident is finally determined. The correctness of the application of cybernetics in this field is verified.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.4
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