基于“2-4”模型的建筑施工高处坠落事故原因分类与统计分析

发布时间：2018-07-31 18:58

【摘要】：为了明确建筑施工高处坠落事故的原因分类及各类原因的发生频次概况,采用事故致因"2-4"模型分析了2000—2016年间的56起建筑施工高处坠落事故,并对各类原因进行了分类和统计分析。分析得出安全管理体系缺欠7类共62项,其中,无安全技术交底或技术交底不合格、安全组织机构不合格、无施工组织设计方案或方案不合格出现频次位于前三位;得出安全知识不足62项,安全意识不高58项,较管理者而言,一线操作者的安全知识不足和安全意识不高问题均占多数;得出不安全动作19类共296个,其中,安全培训缺失或不到位和劳动防护用品的缺乏和不正确使用2类不安全动作发生频率较高;得出不安全物态6类共54项,其中出现频率较高的是安全防护栏杆缺失或存在缺陷、脚手架或作业平台搭设不规范、安全网缺失或存在缺陷。
[Abstract]:In order to make clear the classification of the causes and the frequency of various kinds of accidents, the "2-4" model of accident causes was used to analyze 56 accidents of high fall in construction from 2000 to 2016. All kinds of reasons are classified and analyzed statistically. It is concluded that 62 items of safety management system are lacking in 7 categories, in which, the safety organization is not qualified, and the frequency of nonconformity in the design scheme or scheme of construction organization is in the first three places. 62 items of safety knowledge and 58 items of safety awareness were obtained. Compared with managers, safety knowledge and safety awareness of front-line operators accounted for the majority, and there were 296 unsafe actions in 19 categories. Safety training is absent or not in place and the lack of labor protection equipment and improper use of 2 kinds of unsafe actions occur more frequently, it is concluded that there are 54 items in 6 categories of unsafe objects, among which the high frequency of occurrence is the absence or defect of safety protection railings. Scaffolding or operating platform erection is not standard, safety net is missing or defective.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学(北京);中国石油大学(北京);
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51534008)
【分类号】：TU714

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