内河油轮溢油监测及报警系统的研究
发布时间：2018-08-01 10:09
【摘要】：当今社会,经济飞速发展,交通运输作为经济发展的动脉也显得尤为重要,水路运输自始至终都占据着十分重要的位置,随着现代化的发展,水路运输出现了不少的问题：首先是管理不规范,水域的污染也在日益加重,只顾眼前利益,不惜破坏水域生态坏境。生活垃圾随意排放,轮船生活污水油渣等也不经处理任意排入水中,这都直接影响到水域生物资源和水域的生态循环；同时还直接影响到沿岸生活居民生活环境和饮用水安全。这些都严重影响到长江水域的经济和环境的可持续发展,一些严重的事故对当地甚至整个长江水域环境带来不可挽回的影响。 中华母亲河之一,我国流量最大的河流长江,水道优良,全世界少之又少,改革开放以来,我国对外贸易有了飞速发展,特别是近二十年来长江对我GDP的贡献以及对外贸易都发挥了举足轻重的作用。其流域面积仅占全国20%却贡献了40%以上的GDP以及超过30%进出口额。长江主干线沿岸港口众多,特别是长江中下游,已分季节开通海轮航道,进一步提升船舶运载量,也使得长江码头的吞吐量有了大幅度提高。长江沿岸企业依附于长江的天然资源位当地经济做出了巨大贡献,提高了当地人民的生活水平,长江航运运输不乏有粮食等生活必需品,也有企业生产所必须各种工业原料,以及煤炭、石油等能源。长江航道的货运量已经每年都会有新的增长,为沿岸居民提供经济增长,长江已经是我国货运的大动脉。 在经济发展的同时,长江的受污染程度也在进一步加重。油轮溢油污染作为对水域污染最严重的事故,已经引起了人们的广泛关注。不但危害的沿岸居民的生活用水、旅游业的发展,同时沿岸企业也会因为污染而受到不同程度的打击。当溢油覆盖有河水表面,河流水面水蒸发量将受到严重影响,从而影响到整个水流循环,使得沿岸各地降雨减少,可能导致土地荒漠化,更有甚者影响全球的气候变化,这将非常不利于环境的可持续发展。 基于前文所介绍的背景,本课题所研究的油轮溢油远程报警系统,以单片机为核心,通过摄像机对船周围进行监测,然后对采集的数据进行图像分析,从而监控油轮溢油情况；并把采集的数据发送到远程监控端,以利于监控系统的分析和控制,从而对溢油发出警报,并同时通过3G模块以短信的方式发送给公司,使得公司和油轮能够同步对溢油事故进行紧急处理,也方便了海事监督单位的工作,做到更有效的公正执法。 本课题所设计的监测及报警系统,以摄像机为核心及图像分析的监测系统和以单片机为核心的远程报警系统。 1、摄像机 摄像机安装在油轮的轮尾,监测油轮尾部水域水面情况。并将拍摄到的图像信息传输到图像分析处理器进行图像分析,以判别水面是否有溢油情况。 2、远程报警系统 单片机将从图像分析处理器接受到的图像信息进行分析判断,将溢油信息通过3G通信模块网络发送到远程监控终端,以便管理人员做出判断和选择。 主要工作是：按照系统的需求确定总体研究方案,对硬件选型,完成相关软件程序的编写,并完成设计。 主要研究内容： 1、基于图像处理的溢油监测系统的研究； 2、设计一个以单片机为核心的远程监测报警系统。
[Abstract]:In today's society, the rapid economic development, traffic and transportation as the artery of economic development is also particularly important, water transportation has occupied a very important position from the beginning to the end. With the development of modernization, there are many problems in the water transportation. First, the management is not standard, the pollution of the water area is increasing, and the immediate interests are not spare. It has a direct impact on the living environment of coastal living and the safety of drinking water. These all seriously affect the economy of the waters of the Yangtze River and the economy of the waters of the Yangtze River. The sustainable development of the environment and some serious accidents have irreparable effects on the local and even the entire Yangtze River environment.
One of the Chinese mother rivers, the largest river in China, the Yangtze River, the fine waterway and the few in the world. Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade has developed rapidly. Especially in the last twenty years, the Yangtze River has played an important role in the contribution of GDP to me and foreign trade. Its basin area accounts for only 20% of the country's contribution to more than 40%. GDP and more than 30% import and export volume. There are many ports along the main trunk line of the Yangtze River, especially the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which have opened the sea liner in the season. The shipping capacity of the ship is further promoted and the throughput of the Yangtze River terminal has been greatly improved. Higher living standards of the local people, the Yangtze River shipping and transportation are not lack of food necessities, and there are all kinds of industrial raw materials, as well as coal, oil and other energy sources. The freight volume of the Yangtze River channel has been growing every year, providing economic growth for the coastal residents. The Yangtze River has been the major artery of our country's freight.
At the same time, the pollution degree of the Yangtze River is also further aggravating. Oil tanker oil spill pollution, as the most serious pollution of water pollution, has aroused widespread concern. Not only endangers the living water of the coastal residents, the development of tourism, but also the coastal enterprises will be affected by different degrees of pollution because of pollution. The oil spill covers the surface of the river, and the water evaporation of the water surface will be seriously affected, thus affecting the whole flow cycle, reducing the rainfall in the coastal areas, causing land desertification, and more affecting the global climate change, which will be very detrimental to the sustainable development of the environment.
Based on the background introduced in the previous article, the oil tanker oil spill remote alarm system is based on the MCU as the core, monitoring the ship around the ship through the camera, and then analyzing the collected data, so as to monitor the oil spill situation, and send the data to the remote monitoring terminal to help the analysis of the monitoring system. And control, so that the oil spilled alarm, and at the same time through the 3G module to send to the company by short message, so that the company and the oil tanker can synchronize the emergency treatment of the oil spill accident, also facilitate the work of the maritime supervision unit, to achieve a more effective and fair law enforcement.
The monitoring and alarm system designed in this paper is a remote alarm system with the camera as the core and the image analysis as the core.
1, camera
The camera is installed at the tail of the oil tanker to monitor the water surface in the tail of the oil tanker and transmit the captured image information to the image analysis processor for image analysis to determine whether the surface of the water has the oil spill.
2, remote alarm system
The MCU will analyze and judge the image information received from the image analysis processor, and send the oil spill information to the remote monitoring terminal through the 3G communication module network, so that the managers can make judgment and choose.
The main work is: according to the requirements of the system to determine the overall research program, hardware selection, completion of the relevant software programs, and complete the design.
Main research contents:
1, the research of oil spill monitoring system based on image processing.
2, design a remote monitoring and alarm system based on single chip microcomputer.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.7
本文编号：2157232
[Abstract]:In today's society, the rapid economic development, traffic and transportation as the artery of economic development is also particularly important, water transportation has occupied a very important position from the beginning to the end. With the development of modernization, there are many problems in the water transportation. First, the management is not standard, the pollution of the water area is increasing, and the immediate interests are not spare. It has a direct impact on the living environment of coastal living and the safety of drinking water. These all seriously affect the economy of the waters of the Yangtze River and the economy of the waters of the Yangtze River. The sustainable development of the environment and some serious accidents have irreparable effects on the local and even the entire Yangtze River environment.
One of the Chinese mother rivers, the largest river in China, the Yangtze River, the fine waterway and the few in the world. Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade has developed rapidly. Especially in the last twenty years, the Yangtze River has played an important role in the contribution of GDP to me and foreign trade. Its basin area accounts for only 20% of the country's contribution to more than 40%. GDP and more than 30% import and export volume. There are many ports along the main trunk line of the Yangtze River, especially the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which have opened the sea liner in the season. The shipping capacity of the ship is further promoted and the throughput of the Yangtze River terminal has been greatly improved. Higher living standards of the local people, the Yangtze River shipping and transportation are not lack of food necessities, and there are all kinds of industrial raw materials, as well as coal, oil and other energy sources. The freight volume of the Yangtze River channel has been growing every year, providing economic growth for the coastal residents. The Yangtze River has been the major artery of our country's freight.
At the same time, the pollution degree of the Yangtze River is also further aggravating. Oil tanker oil spill pollution, as the most serious pollution of water pollution, has aroused widespread concern. Not only endangers the living water of the coastal residents, the development of tourism, but also the coastal enterprises will be affected by different degrees of pollution because of pollution. The oil spill covers the surface of the river, and the water evaporation of the water surface will be seriously affected, thus affecting the whole flow cycle, reducing the rainfall in the coastal areas, causing land desertification, and more affecting the global climate change, which will be very detrimental to the sustainable development of the environment.
Based on the background introduced in the previous article, the oil tanker oil spill remote alarm system is based on the MCU as the core, monitoring the ship around the ship through the camera, and then analyzing the collected data, so as to monitor the oil spill situation, and send the data to the remote monitoring terminal to help the analysis of the monitoring system. And control, so that the oil spilled alarm, and at the same time through the 3G module to send to the company by short message, so that the company and the oil tanker can synchronize the emergency treatment of the oil spill accident, also facilitate the work of the maritime supervision unit, to achieve a more effective and fair law enforcement.
The monitoring and alarm system designed in this paper is a remote alarm system with the camera as the core and the image analysis as the core.
1, camera
The camera is installed at the tail of the oil tanker to monitor the water surface in the tail of the oil tanker and transmit the captured image information to the image analysis processor for image analysis to determine whether the surface of the water has the oil spill.
2, remote alarm system
The MCU will analyze and judge the image information received from the image analysis processor, and send the oil spill information to the remote monitoring terminal through the 3G communication module network, so that the managers can make judgment and choose.
The main work is: according to the requirements of the system to determine the overall research program, hardware selection, completion of the relevant software programs, and complete the design.
Main research contents:
1, the research of oil spill monitoring system based on image processing.
2, design a remote monitoring and alarm system based on single chip microcomputer.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.7
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