湿度对粉尘浓度检测的影响规律及校正方法研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 14:48

【摘要】：当前粉尘危害问题依然严重,粉尘导致的生产事故及尘肺病患者人数增加、环境粉尘治理刻不容缓。粉尘检测作为粉尘治理的前端重要工作,是不可或缺的重要一环。现场工作表明湿度对直读式粉尘检测仪具有影响,这也是直读式粉尘浓度检测技术亟待解决的难题。本文在分析比较目前粉尘浓度检测方法的基础上,通过对基于β射线法和光散射法的测尘进行误差分析,得出了湿度对粉尘浓度检测的影响规律,提出了测尘中和测尘后的两类湿度校正的方法,主要研究成果如下:(1)理论研究方面。根据β射线和光散射理论吸收理论,建立了粉尘浓度与检测因素的数学模型,分析出可导致直读式粉尘浓度检测结果改变的因素,分析了各因素的实际含义和引入误差的可能性大小,为研究湿度对粉尘浓度检测仪器检测结果的影响规律提供了参考依据。(2)影响规律方面。为了在研究湿度因素之前消除其他因素对实验结果造成的影响,实验分析验证了温度、风速、粉尘类型等对检测结果的影响程度。实验表明,合理控制这些变量能够影响实验结果,从而得到了环境湿度对直读式粉尘浓度检测的影响变化规律。(3)改进措施方面。基于现有除湿技术,提出了消除湿度导致的直读式测尘误差校正方法,实现对直读式测尘结果的校正。通过检测过程中的消除方法和测后校正公式消除方法进行误差的消除或结果的校正,实现从不同阶段消除湿度的影响;根据实验和应用效果,比较了测中和测后消除的除湿程度,并提出了应用于实际的可行性。课题的实施基于实验室粉尘浓度标定系统所搭建的实验环境,分析了湿度因素对测尘的影响规律;对所提出的湿度校正对策措施进行了效果对比。论文研究证明:基于β射线法和光散射法的直读式粉尘浓度检测仪会受环境湿度的影响,导致测尘误差;且相对湿度从50%RH开始,粉尘浓度误差呈现增大趋势。比较两种对湿度进行校正的方法的效果。测中消除法能一定程度降低湿度对直读式粉尘浓度检测的影响,且具有较好的重复性。
[Abstract]:At present, the dust hazard problem is still serious, the number of dust accidents and pneumoconiosis patients increases, the environmental dust treatment is urgent. As a front-end work of dust treatment, dust detection is an indispensable important link. The field work shows that the humidity has influence on the direct reading dust detector, which is also a difficult problem to be solved in the direct reading dust concentration detection technology. Based on the analysis and comparison of the present methods of dust concentration measurement, the influence of humidity on dust concentration detection is obtained by analyzing the error of dust measurement based on 尾 ray method and light scattering method. Two methods of humidity correction after dust neutralization are proposed. The main results are as follows: (1) theoretical research. According to the absorption theory of 尾 ray and light scattering theory, a mathematical model of dust concentration and detection factors is established, and the factors that can lead to the change of the results of direct reading dust concentration detection are analyzed. The actual meaning of various factors and the possibility of introducing errors are analyzed, which provides a reference for the study of the influence of humidity on the test results of dust concentration detection instruments. (2) the influence law. In order to eliminate the influence of other factors on the experimental results before the humidity factor was studied, the influence of temperature, wind speed and dust type on the test results was analyzed and verified. The experimental results show that reasonable control of these variables can affect the experimental results, and the influence of environmental humidity on direct reading dust concentration detection is obtained. (3) improvement measures. Based on the existing dehumidification technology, a correction method of direct reading dust measurement error caused by humidity is proposed to correct the results of direct reading dust measurement. The effect of humidity can be eliminated from different stages by eliminating the error or correcting the result by eliminating the error in the process of detection and the method of eliminating the correction formula after the measurement, according to the effect of experiment and application, The dehumidification degree of neutralization and post-test is compared, and the feasibility of applying it to practice is put forward. Based on the experimental environment set up by the calibration system of dust concentration in laboratory, the effect of humidity factors on dust measurement is analyzed, and the effect of humidity correction countermeasures is compared. The paper proves that the direct reading dust concentration detector based on 尾 ray method and light scattering method will be affected by environmental humidity, which will lead to dust measurement error, and the dust concentration error will increase from relative humidity to 50%RH. Compare the effects of two methods for humidity correction. The method of elimination in measurement can reduce the effect of humidity on the direct reading dust concentration to a certain extent and has good repeatability.
【学位授予单位】：重庆科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X964

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