中小型煤矿井下作业人员安全心理测评系统研究

发布时间：2018-08-10 20:21

【摘要】：中国是一个能源大国，能源在社会需求和发展中的地位日益增强。煤炭作为工业的食粮，是自十八世纪以来人类世界使用的主要能源之一。然而日益壮大的煤炭企业不得不面临一个严峻的问题，安全生产。尽管全国狠抓安全生产，事故发生率较以往有了明显控制，但中小型煤矿的安全生产事故仍然让人担心。人是生产活动的主体，在生产安全性的保障上起了至关重要的作用。而人的行为主要是受心理活动的影响，人因失误在煤矿事故中占了很大比例。了解人的心理状况，将因人的失误影响到的事故发生率降到最低是解决煤矿事故的首要问题。因中小型煤矿较一般煤矿有着自己的特殊性，中小型煤矿的井下作业人员的心理状况尤其需要关注。针对中小型煤矿进行研究，制定安全心理测量系统，这也是本文的创新点。本论文从安全心理学的角度出发，剖析了人因失误与不安全行为的关系，总结了煤矿工人的心理特质。通过对中小煤矿和一般煤矿的比对，得出了适合中小煤矿的16个安全心理测评指标，，包括8个心理素质指标和8个能力素质指标。按照心理测量的编制方法，编制出适合中小煤矿的心理调查问卷并进行问卷调查。运用SPSS统计软件对测试所得数据进行分析，评价其信度和效度，得到一份有效的心理问卷。通过模糊综合评定的方法对问卷进行综合评判，得出矿工当前的心理状态等级，为企业掌握矿工的心理素质提供数据支持。心理测评系统的建立对煤矿企业管理层有着巨大贡献，使企业能够提前了解矿工心理状态，及时对心理等级低的矿工进行班表调整。这对预防事故发生，提高我国煤炭安全生产质量有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:China is a large country of energy, the status of energy in social demand and development is increasing. Coal, as the food of industry, has been one of the main energy sources in the world since the 18 th century. However, the growing coal enterprises have to face a serious problem, production safety. Although the accident rate has been significantly controlled in the whole country, the accidents in small and medium-sized coal mines are still worrisome. Human being is the main body of production activities and plays a vital role in the guarantee of production safety. Human behavior is mainly affected by psychological activities and human error accounts for a large proportion in coal mine accidents. It is the most important problem to solve coal mine accidents to understand the psychological condition of people and to minimize the incidence of accidents affected by human errors. Because medium and small coal mine has its own particularity, the psychological condition of the middle and small coal mine operators should be paid more attention to. It is the innovation of this paper to study the small and medium coal mine and to establish the safety psychological measurement system. From the point of view of safety psychology, this paper analyzes the relationship between human error and unsafe behavior, and summarizes the psychological characteristics of coal miners. Through the comparison between small and medium coal mines and general coal mines, 16 safety psychological evaluation indexes suitable for medium and small coal mines are obtained, including 8 psychological quality indexes and 8 ability quality indexes. According to the method of psychological measurement, a psychological questionnaire for middle and small coal mines was worked out and investigated. An effective psychological questionnaire was obtained by using SPSS software to analyze the test data and evaluate its reliability and validity. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the questionnaire by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the current psychological state grade of miners is obtained, which provides data support for enterprises to master the psychological quality of miners. The establishment of psychological evaluation system makes great contribution to the management of coal mining enterprises, which enables enterprises to understand the psychological state of miners in advance and adjust the shift schedule of miners with low psychological grade in time. It is of great significance to prevent accidents and improve the quality of coal production safety in China.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X911;X936

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