围油栏拦油及受力特性数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 13:06

【摘要】：近十年,随着世界海洋经济的飞速发展,如何合理有效地开发和利用海洋资源、保护海洋健康有序的生态环境以及怎样防御和让海洋灾害损失达到最小化,对于提高海洋资源可持续发展的能力、促进海洋经济朝着更加健康的方向发展具有重要的战略意义。经各项研究和报道显示,溢油成为了目前最为严重的海洋灾害之一。溢油突发性强、危害性大,一旦溢油事件发生,除了会对海洋生态平衡带来严重破坏,同时也会让沿岸地区蒙受经济损失。鉴于船舶溢油事故危险性大、突发性高、性质复杂等特点,溢油应急反应显得尤为重要,溢油围控措施中最常用和有效的设备器材是围油栏,它的主要作用是：围控和集中、溢油导流和防止潜在溢油等。本文的研究基础建立在以下模拟实验和计算中：通过多组数值模拟分析水流速度溢油品质对围油栏拦油量的影响；建立围油栏物理模型,并编写多个用户自定义函数；建立数值波浪水池,采用推板造波法模拟数值波浪；实现了围油栏在受船舶牵引状态下的随动模拟；实现三维数值造波,提出一种仿物理消波结构并很好地实现消波；在随动的状态下比较几种结构的围油栏的拦截效果；研究对比不同形状围油栏在不同海况下的受力情况,综合以上模拟实验结果对其进行优化选取。此外,本文还分析研究了几种结构不同的围油栏在围控溢油过程中对拦油产生不同效果的影响因素。模拟了在有凤、波浪和水流的不同作用下,溢油密度及围油栏的不同结构对围油栏拦油特征的不同影响。在其他外部条件相同的情况下,再次对这些优化的围油栏进行数值模拟计算,通过对其受压和受力情况进行分析,进而对整体结果进行比较,说明围油栏自身的形状对拦油效果是否能产生影响。在千变万化的海况中,为选择最优结构围油栏提供依据。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, with the rapid development of the world marine economy, how to develop and utilize marine resources reasonably and effectively, how to protect the healthy and orderly ecological environment of the ocean, how to prevent and minimize the damage caused by marine disasters, It is of great strategic significance to improve the ability of sustainable development of marine resources and promote the development of marine economy towards a more healthy direction. According to various studies and reports, oil spill has become one of the most serious marine disasters. Oil spills are sudden and harmful. Once oil spill occurs, it will not only seriously damage the marine ecological balance, but also make the coastal areas suffer economic losses. In view of the characteristics of ship oil spill accidents, such as high risk, sudden high, complex nature, oil spill emergency response is particularly important. The most commonly used and effective equipment and equipment in oil spill control measures is the oil enclosure, the main role of which is to control and centralize oil spill. Oil spill diversion and prevention of potential oil spills, etc. The research foundation of this paper is based on the following simulation experiments and calculations: the influence of flow velocity and oil spill quality on the amount of oil barrier is analyzed by numerical simulation, the physical model of oil containment column is established, and several user-defined functions are compiled. The numerical wave pool is established, and the numerical wave is simulated by the method of pushing plate, and the following simulation of the oil fence under the condition of the ship's towing is realized, and the three-dimensional numerical wave generation is realized, and a kind of simulated physical wave canceling structure is proposed and the wave elimination is realized well. The intercepting effect of the oil barrier with several structures is compared in the following state, and the stress situation of the oil enclosure with different shapes under different sea conditions is studied and optimized by synthesizing the simulation results above. In addition, this paper also analyzes and studies the factors that affect the different effects of several kinds of oil containment bars in the process of oil spill control. The effects of oil spill density and the different structure of the oil barrier on the characteristics of the oil barrier were simulated under the different action of the Phoenix, wave and current. When other external conditions are the same, numerical simulation of these optimized containment columns is carried out again, and then the overall results are compared by analyzing the pressure and force. It shows whether the shape of the oil barrier has an effect on the oil blocking effect. In the ever-changing sea conditions, the selection of the optimal structure of the oil column provides the basis.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.7

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