船舶低温航行风险研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 13:24

【摘要】：随着冰区航行船舶市场的升温,国外冰区商船设计已日趋完善,但是国内冰区航行的商船自主设计还很少,为实现造船大国到造船强国的转变,应充分认识寒冷气候下船舶的航行和设计风险。首先,收集和研究船舶低温航行资料,进行相关风险研究。论文主要研究了船舶在低温下航行时可能遇到的十大风险：稳性损失风险、船体失效风险、动力系统失效风险、货物系统设备失效风险、甲板设备失效风险、救生设备失效风险、消防系统失效风险、舒适度降低风险、航行设备失效风险、人员安全性降低风险。其次,针对所研究的船舶低温航行十大风险下的63个风险影响,依照中国船级社的有关标准,将63个风险影响按照故障严重性和发生概率衡准进行分类,完成了危险识别工作,并将结果形成风险分析矩阵。根据风险分析矩阵,将这些风险分为三种：不可接受的风险、合理可行的低风险和可忽略风险。通过研究发现,63个风险影响中不可接受的风险占比34.9%；合理可行的低风险占比58.7%,可忽略的风险占比6.4%。最后,针对所研究的船舶低温航行部分风险,找出风险控制措施,重点研究了船舶在低温下的防冻措施和除冰措施。其中防冻措施分别是：压载舱防冻措施,主辅推进设备防冻措施,甲板设备防冻措施,救生设备防冻措施,航行设备防冻措施,舱室和安全通道防冻措施。
[Abstract]:With the warming of the navigation ship market in the ice area, the merchant ship design of the ice zone abroad has become more and more perfect, but the independent design of the merchant ship sailing in the ice area in China is still few. In order to realize the transformation from the shipbuilding power to the shipbuilding power, The navigation and design risks of ships in cold climates should be fully understood. First of all, collect and study the ship low-temperature navigation data, carry on the related risk research. This paper mainly studies the ten risks that ships may encounter when sailing at low temperature: stability loss risk, hull failure risk, power system failure risk, cargo system equipment failure risk, deck equipment failure risk, Life saving equipment failure risk, fire protection system failure risk, comfort reducing risk, navigation equipment failure risk, personnel safety reducing risk. Secondly, according to the relevant standards of China Classification Society, the 63 risk impacts under the ten major risks of ship navigation at low temperature are classified according to the fault severity and probability of occurrence, and the risk identification work is completed. The results are formed into a risk analysis matrix. According to the risk analysis matrix, these risks are divided into three types: unacceptable risk, reasonable and feasible low risk and negligible risk. Through the study, it is found that the unacceptable risk is 34.9%, the reasonable and feasible low risk is 58.7%, and the negligible risk is 6.4% among the 63 risk effects. Finally, aiming at some risks of ship navigation at low temperature, the risk control measures are found out, and the anti-freezing measures and deicing measures for ships at low temperature are studied emphatically. The anti-freezing measures are as follows: the anti-freezing measures of ballast tanks, the measures of main and auxiliary propulsion equipment, the anti-freezing measures of deck equipment, the anti-freezing measures of life-saving equipment, the anti-freezing measures of navigational equipment, the freezing measures of cabin and safe passage.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U698

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