潘一东矿11-2煤深孔预裂爆破增透瓦斯抽采技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 19:02

【摘要】：在煤矿开采过程中,瓦斯一向是威胁煤矿安全生产的主要灾害之一。目前,矿井瓦斯抽采为防治煤与瓦斯突出最重要的举措。然而,不断增加的煤层开采深度,给瓦斯抽采工作带来了新的难题。开采深度的增加,致使煤层瓦斯含量和压力增大,煤层透气性急剧降低,瓦斯抽采效果严重受到影响。因此,实现煤矿安全高效生产的重要手段就是提高煤层的透气性。本文通过理论探讨、数值模拟结合现场试验的方法,对低透气性高瓦斯煤层深孔预裂爆破卸压增透效应机理进行了研究。首先分析了煤体瓦斯赋存及其流动理论；其次探讨了深孔预裂爆破卸压增透的作用机理,得出了炸药爆炸后,在爆破孔周围煤体中产生了相互贯通的交叉裂隙网；且在裂隙扩展过程中,爆轰应力波、爆生气体起主要作用,控制孔提供了辅助自由面,煤体瓦斯压力进一步促进了煤体裂隙的扩展。研究表明深孔预裂爆破使得煤体裂隙增加,透气性增大,有效地预防和消除了煤与瓦斯突出的危险。同时,建立了煤层深孔预裂爆破卸压增透的数学模型,并利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,模拟了不同时刻煤体的应力分布和裂隙扩展。两爆破孔距离6-7m,爆破后,可以产生大量的贯通裂隙,进而形成裂隙网,使煤体的透气性大大增加。最后,通过潘一东矿11-2煤1252(1)轨顺底板巷的现场工业试验研究表明：深孔预裂爆破卸压增透效果明显,有效卸压半径可达4m,瓦斯抽采量和抽采率有很大的提高,具有重要的社会价值和经济效益。
[Abstract]:In the process of coal mining, gas has always been one of the main disasters threatening the safety of coal production. At present, gas drainage is the most important measure to prevent coal and gas outburst. However, the increasing coal seam mining depth has brought new problems to the gas drainage work. With the increase of mining depth, the gas content and pressure of coal seam increase, the permeability of coal seam decreases sharply, and the effect of gas extraction is seriously affected. Therefore, the important means to realize coal mine safe and efficient production is to improve the permeability of coal seam. In this paper, the mechanism of pressure-relief and antireflection effect of deep-hole pre-split blasting in low permeability and high gas seam is studied by means of theoretical discussion and numerical simulation combined with field test. Firstly, the occurrence of coal gas and its flow theory are analyzed, then the mechanism of pressure-relief and antireflection in deep-hole pre-splitting blasting is discussed, and it is concluded that after explosive explosion, the intersecting cross fissure network is produced in the coal body around the blasting hole. In the process of crack expansion, detonation stress wave, detonation gas plays a major role, the control hole provides the auxiliary free surface, and the gas pressure of coal body further promotes the expansion of coal fracture. The study shows that the deep-hole pre-splitting blasting can increase the coal fissure and increase the gas permeability, which can effectively prevent and eliminate the danger of coal and gas outburst. At the same time, the mathematical model of pressure-relief and anti-reflection of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting in coal seam is established, and the stress distribution and crack propagation of coal body at different times are simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The distance between two blasting holes is 6-7m. after blasting, a large number of perforated cracks can be produced, and then a fissure network is formed, which greatly increases the permeability of coal body. Finally, the field industrial test of 11-2 coal 1252 (1) in Panyidong Coal Mine shows that the pressure relief effect of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting is obvious, the effective pressure relief radius can reach 4 m, and the gas extraction rate and extraction rate are greatly improved. It has important social value and economic benefit.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD712.6

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