沟壑切割区塌陷灾害防治对策

发布时间：2018-09-19 11:47

【摘要】：为了防范和治理沟壑切割区开采塌陷灾害,针对沟壑切割区的特殊地形地貌,首先对沟壑切割区开采塌陷灾害进行了分类,然后分析了各类塌陷灾害的演化过程及形成机制,最后提出了相应的防治对策。研究结果表明,沟壑切割区开采塌陷灾害可分为崩塌灾害、滑塌灾害和滑坡灾害三类。崩塌灾害和滑塌灾害分别主要由拉伸破坏和剪切破坏引起,滑塌灾害则兼具拉伸破坏和剪切破坏机制。在沟壑采动影响范围内,可根据具体条件分析采取限高协调开采、留保护煤柱、充填开采和顺坡开采等减损开采方法,同时对边坡采取削坡减载、裂缝灌浆、塌陷回填、支护加固、种植植被、加强排水等地表防护措施,灾后则应采取应急治理恢复措施。
[Abstract]:In order to prevent and control the mining collapse disaster in gully cutting area, aiming at the special topography and geomorphology of gully cutting area, this paper classifies the mining collapse disaster in gully cutting area, and then analyzes the evolution process and formation mechanism of all kinds of collapse disaster. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward. The results show that mining collapse disasters in gully cutting area can be classified into collapse disaster, slide disaster and landslide disaster. Collapse disaster and slide disaster are mainly caused by tensile failure and shear failure respectively, while the collapse disaster has the mechanism of tensile failure and shear failure. Under the influence of gully mining, according to the specific conditions, it can be analyzed and adopted such as limited height coordinated mining, coal pillar protection, filling mining and downhill mining, etc. At the same time, slope load reduction, crack grouting and collapse backfill are adopted for the slope. Supporting and strengthening, planting vegetation, strengthening drainage and other surface protection measures, should be taken emergency measures after the disaster.
【作者单位】：西安科技大学能源学院;西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20106121110003) 陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2011JY005) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(13JS066)
【分类号】：TD771

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