发动机部件隔振方法研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 13:24

【摘要】：发动机是一种重要的热能动力机械，广泛地应用于各种车辆、船舶和工程机械中，是这些机械设备的核心动力。发动机工作时存在诸如汽缸内的燃气压力、活塞、连杆等不平衡质量运动产生的不平衡惯性力和惯性力矩等，极易激发其配套车、船机械及环境设备整体或局部的强烈振动，，严重可能损坏零部件、缩短发动机及相关零部件的寿命，对一些特殊用途设备及敏感部件甚至会构成更为严重的威胁。本文以某型特殊用途V16发动机装配的电控模块LOP、ECS振动控制为需求背景，研究一套针对此类发动机及其相关模块进行隔振设计的方法（为便于叙述通用隔振系统设计方法的研究，以下文中对被隔振模块简称发动机部件），具体工作流程如下： 1）依据发动机运动学和动力学相关理论，分析发动机内部振动激励力特性，得出发动机工作时相关部件所承受的激励载荷。 2）建立发动机部件隔振系统优化设计模型，选用适当算法进行求解计算，得到发动机部件隔振系统的支撑位置、支撑角度和弹性支撑元件的物理参数。 3）根据优化设计结果，设计相应的阻尼型隔振器，包括对隔振器结构阻尼材料的选择、隔振器具体结构形式等工程化设计工作及尺寸优化与布局等。 4）针对V16发动机的电控模块LOP、ECS，采用上述技术方法开展隔振系统设计。 5）通过实验测试，验证了本文对V16发动机电控模块LOP、ECS所设计的隔振系统达到了有关技术指标的要求。
[Abstract]:Engine is an important thermal power machine, which is widely used in various vehicles, ships and construction machinery. It is the core power of these machinery and equipment. There are gas pressure in the cylinder, unbalanced inertia force and inertia torque caused by unbalanced mass motion such as piston, connecting rod and so on, which can easily stimulate the whole or local strong vibration of the matching vehicle, ship machinery and environmental equipment. It may seriously damage parts, shorten the life of engine and related parts, and pose even more serious threat to some special purpose equipment and sensitive parts. In this paper, based on the LOP,ECS vibration control of a special purpose V16 engine assembly electronic control module, a method of vibration isolation design for this kind of engine and its related modules is studied (for the convenience of describing the design method of general vibration isolation system). The following work flow is as follows: 1) according to the theory of engine kinematics and dynamics, the characteristics of internal vibration excitation force are analyzed. The excitation load of the related parts of the engine is obtained. 2) the optimal design model of engine component vibration isolation system is established, and the proper algorithm is selected to solve the problem. The supporting position, supporting angle and physical parameters of elastic support element are obtained. 3) according to the results of optimization design, the corresponding damping isolators are designed, including the selection of damping materials for the structure of the isolator, the specific structural form of the isolator, and the design work, size optimization and layout of the isolator. 4) the vibration isolation system of V16 engine is designed by using the above technology for the electronic control module (LOP,ECS,) of V16 engine. 5) through experimental test, it is verified that the vibration isolation system designed by LOP,ECS, an electronic control module of V16 engine, meets the requirements of relevant technical specifications.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TK403;TB535.1

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