EPS建筑外墙保温体系火灾危险性的实验研究
发布时间：2018-10-23 18:36
【摘要】：随着全球能源供应的日益紧张,节能与环保成为了全世界共同关注的话题。建筑围护结构的保温技术为建筑节能做出了卓越贡献,但新材料的使用给建筑带来了一定的火灾隐患,一系列的火灾事故反应出建筑外保温系统给建筑的安全应用带来了相当的风险。因此,开展建筑外墙保温体系的火灾危险性研究,对研制安全高效的建筑保温材料,揭示典型保温材料的火灾蔓延特性及规律,有着重要的实现意义。 本文选取普通型聚苯乙烯和阻燃型聚苯乙烯两种市场上常见的典型EPS保温材料原料与成品作为研究对象,从原料、材料到整个保温体系进行了一个完整序列的实验研究,通过实验和理论分析等研究手段,对EPS建筑外墙保温体系进行了系统的研究分析。 通过对EPS原料颗粒的热解动力学研究发现：普通型和阻燃型两种聚苯乙烯原料颗粒热解温度范围均在350～450℃,普通型聚苯乙烯在热解阶段持续温度范围更广,约高于阻燃型聚苯乙烯20℃。在受热热解过程中两种原料均表现出相似的燃烧性能,虽然阻燃型聚苯乙烯能在释放出来的温度峰值相对较低,热解持续时间相对较短,但相对于整个火场宏观温度变化上是微不足道的。 通过对EPS保温板垂直壁面蔓延特性的研究发现：普通型和阻燃型聚苯乙烯保温板在点型火源作用下,垂直壁面蔓延速度遵循t7的蔓延规律,即火焰前锋位置随时间按照y=a1t7+a2t6+…+a7t+b的关系变化,而垂直壁面蔓延速度则按照规律变化。厚度是影响聚苯乙烯垂直壁面蔓延速度的重要因素,厚度对垂直壁面蔓延速度影响存在一个临界值H。达到H之前,垂直壁面蔓延速度随厚度的增加而增加；超过H后,垂直壁面蔓延速率呈平稳趋势。 通过对EPS保温体系整体燃烧特性的研究,两种类型基材在SBI实验中各组数据相当,普通型和阻燃型EPS保温板本身燃烧级别均属于B级,表明一般添加阻燃剂的方法对EPS保温板燃烧性能级别的提高没有明显作用。在保温体系的SBI实验中,普通型EPS保温体系燃烧级别为D级,阻燃型EPS保温体系燃烧级别为C级,保温体系中粘结层使用的胶泥是导致火势扩大的关键因素。
[Abstract]:With the global energy supply increasingly tight, energy conservation and environmental protection has become a common concern around the world. The insulation technology of building envelope has made remarkable contribution to building energy conservation, but the use of new materials has brought some hidden dangers to the building. A series of fire accidents reflect that the building external insulation system brings considerable risk to the safety application of the building. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fire hazard of thermal insulation system of exterior wall of buildings, to develop safe and efficient building insulation materials and to reveal the fire spreading characteristics and rules of typical thermal insulation materials. In this paper, typical EPS insulation materials and finished products, which are common in the market of common polystyrene and flame-retardant polystyrene, are selected as the research objects, and a complete sequence of experiments is carried out from the raw materials, materials to the whole insulation system. By means of experiment and theoretical analysis, this paper makes a systematic research and analysis on EPS building exterior wall insulation system. Through the study of pyrolysis kinetics of EPS raw material particles, it was found that the pyrolysis temperature range of both common and flame-retardant polystyrene raw material particles was 350 ~ 450 鈩，
本文编号：2290134
[Abstract]:With the global energy supply increasingly tight, energy conservation and environmental protection has become a common concern around the world. The insulation technology of building envelope has made remarkable contribution to building energy conservation, but the use of new materials has brought some hidden dangers to the building. A series of fire accidents reflect that the building external insulation system brings considerable risk to the safety application of the building. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fire hazard of thermal insulation system of exterior wall of buildings, to develop safe and efficient building insulation materials and to reveal the fire spreading characteristics and rules of typical thermal insulation materials. In this paper, typical EPS insulation materials and finished products, which are common in the market of common polystyrene and flame-retardant polystyrene, are selected as the research objects, and a complete sequence of experiments is carried out from the raw materials, materials to the whole insulation system. By means of experiment and theoretical analysis, this paper makes a systematic research and analysis on EPS building exterior wall insulation system. Through the study of pyrolysis kinetics of EPS raw material particles, it was found that the pyrolysis temperature range of both common and flame-retardant polystyrene raw material particles was 350 ~ 450 鈩，
本文编号：2290134
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