广州地区围合式住区室内自然通风研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 17:35

【摘要】：自然通风是绿色建筑最重要的气候调节策略之一。室内自然通风不仅受到房间布局、开口尺寸和位置等“微观”因素的作用，同时许多“宏观”因素，如规划设计参数等，也会对室内通风产生深远影响。本文以广州市围合式住区组团为研究对象，采用调研分析、理论研究和数值模拟等手段，研究得到了室内风压通风能力和组团规划设计参数二者之间的数量关系。为此，本文主要完成了以下工作： 1）完成了室内通风模拟研究的若干项基础性工作：a)验证了CFD模拟软件Fluent对于本文所关注的室内通风研究的适用性并检验了其计算精度；b)分析了广州市典型气象年的风气象数据，统计得到了5月、10月和11月各月的平均风速、主导风向及各风向频率；c)确定了室内通风的研究区域及其评价指标； 2）以广州市围合式住区的一个典型“板式”住宅单元C2栋作为研究对象，利用CFD软件分析了C2栋户型1在16个风向下，风速为1.0~3.0m/s共45种工况下的室内通风情况。并根据前文确定的室内自然通风的两个评价指标：通风换气次数和舒适风速（0.2~1m/s）区域所占的面积比例，得到了营造室内舒适风环境所需的风压差。同时也证明了风压差系数与舒适风速区域面积比之间存在一定的数量关系； 3）以“建筑联体宽度、单体进深、正向间距、侧向间距、首层架空率以及来流风向角”共6个规划设计参数作为试验因素，同时以“建筑迎、背风面风压差系数平均值”和“室外平均风速比”作为试验指标，，设计了18组正交试验，采用CFD模拟分析了广州地区“围合式住区组团的典型模型”的建筑外表面风压分布情况。通过对正交试验影响因子的极差分析和方差分析，探究了各因素分别对这两个试验指标的影响程度； 4）分别研究了侧向间距、单体进深和风向角三个“单因素”对建筑迎背风面风压差平均值的影响规律；接着对模拟结果进行了多元回归分析，得到了“围合式组团风压差系数加权平均值”的简化计算公式，并通过多种统计检验手段，证明了此简化计算公式的可信度； 5）建立了围合式住区组团建筑室内自然通风的优化设计和定量评价的数学模型，总结了前文对住区室内、外通风的模拟结果，从而给出了一些关于围合式组团设计的指导性建议。
[Abstract]:Natural ventilation is one of the most important climate regulation strategies for green buildings. Indoor natural ventilation is not only affected by "micro" factors such as room layout, opening size and location, but also by many "macro" factors, such as planning and design parameters, which will also have a profound impact on indoor ventilation. In this paper, by means of investigation and analysis, theoretical research and numerical simulation, the quantitative relationship between indoor wind pressure ventilation capacity and group planning and design parameters is obtained. To that end, The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the basic work of indoor ventilation simulation research is completed.: a) verifies the applicability of CFD simulation software Fluent to the indoor ventilation research concerned in this paper and tests its calculation accuracy. B) the wind weather data of typical meteorological year in Guangzhou are analyzed, the average wind speed in May, October and November is obtained by statistics, the leading wind direction and the frequency of each wind direction; c) determine the research area of indoor ventilation and its evaluation index. 2) A typical "plate type" housing unit C2 in enclosed residential district of Guangzhou city was used as the research object. The indoor ventilation of C2 family 1 under 16 wind directions and 45 working conditions with wind speed of 1.0~3.0m/s was analyzed by using CFD software. According to the two evaluation indexes of indoor natural ventilation: ventilation times and the area proportion of comfortable wind speed (0.2~1m/s), the air pressure difference needed to create indoor comfortable wind environment was obtained. At the same time, it is proved that there is a certain quantitative relationship between the coefficient of wind pressure difference and the area ratio of comfortable wind speed area. 3) in terms of "the width of the conjoined building, the depth of the individual, the forward spacing, the lateral spacing," Six planning and design parameters of the first floor overhead ratio and the wind direction angle of the first floor are taken as the test factors. At the same time, 18 groups of orthogonal tests are designed with "average coefficient of wind pressure difference on the building, leeward surface pressure coefficient" and "outdoor average wind speed ratio" as the test indexes. The distribution of wind pressure on the outer surface of buildings in Guangzhou is analyzed by CFD simulation. By means of the range analysis and variance analysis of the influence factors of orthogonal test, the influence degree of each factor on the two test indexes was explored. 4) the lateral spacing was studied. The influence of three "single factors" of single depth and wind direction angle on the average value of wind pressure difference on the building facing leeward surface is studied, and the simulation results are analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. The simplified calculation formula of "weighted mean value of the pressure difference coefficient of enclosed group wind" is obtained, and the reliability of the simplified formula is proved by various statistical test methods. 5) the mathematical model of optimal design and quantitative evaluation of indoor natural ventilation in enclosed residential district group building is established, and the simulation results of indoor and outer ventilation in residential area are summarized. Some guiding suggestions on the design of enclosed groups are given.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU834.1

【参考文献】