石油萘装置事故致因因素辨识与风险评价
发布时间：2018-10-26 09:31
【摘要】：石油萘装置是石油化工行业的典型装置之一,具备石油化工生产装置火灾、爆炸和中毒的普遍危险特性。研究其生产装置的事故因素和风险特征,对于识别生产装置风险状态和提升应急管理的有效性有重要意义,可为管理者和决策者迅速做出判断并采取相应的措施提供依据。 论文辨识了石油萘装置的事故致因因素,采用Dow's法、ICI蒙德法对石油萘装置的工艺过程风险进行了评价,并比较了两种方法在评价中的差异性。结果发现,ICI蒙德法更加适合于该装置的评价,也能更全面地反映生产装置的风险状态。基于环境风险评价,采用PBT方法对装置的风险物质进行了分析和筛选；分别对储罐区和生产装置区进行了环境风险评价和比较,结果发现储罐区的风险更大。论文建立了用于评价应急管理有效性的指标体系,采用层次分析法确定了权重,对现有的HSE体系评的有效性进行了评估。最后分析了LDAR技术的落实对有效减少挥发性有机物(VOCs)的排放和降低事故风险的作用。
[Abstract]:Petroleum naphthalene unit is one of the typical units in petrochemical industry, which has the common dangerous characteristics of fire, explosion and poisoning in petrochemical plant. It is important to study the accident factors and risk characteristics of the plant to identify the risk state of the production plant and to improve the effectiveness of emergency management. It can provide a basis for the managers and decision makers to make a quick judgment and take corresponding measures. In this paper, the accident cause factors of petroleum naphthalene unit are identified, the process risk of petroleum naphthalene unit is evaluated by Dow's method and ICI Mond method, and the difference between the two methods in evaluation is compared. The results show that the ICI method is more suitable for the evaluation of the plant and can reflect the risk state of the plant more comprehensively. Based on the environmental risk assessment, the PBT method is used to analyze and screen the risky substances of the plant, and the environmental risk assessment and comparison between the storage tank area and the production unit area are carried out, respectively. The results show that the risk of the storage tank area is greater than that of the production unit area. This paper establishes an index system to evaluate the effectiveness of emergency management, uses AHP to determine the weight, and evaluates the effectiveness of the existing HSE system. Finally, the effect of LDAR technology on reducing VOC (VOCs) emission and accident risk is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TE65;TQ086.2
本文编号：2295283
[Abstract]:Petroleum naphthalene unit is one of the typical units in petrochemical industry, which has the common dangerous characteristics of fire, explosion and poisoning in petrochemical plant. It is important to study the accident factors and risk characteristics of the plant to identify the risk state of the production plant and to improve the effectiveness of emergency management. It can provide a basis for the managers and decision makers to make a quick judgment and take corresponding measures. In this paper, the accident cause factors of petroleum naphthalene unit are identified, the process risk of petroleum naphthalene unit is evaluated by Dow's method and ICI Mond method, and the difference between the two methods in evaluation is compared. The results show that the ICI method is more suitable for the evaluation of the plant and can reflect the risk state of the plant more comprehensively. Based on the environmental risk assessment, the PBT method is used to analyze and screen the risky substances of the plant, and the environmental risk assessment and comparison between the storage tank area and the production unit area are carried out, respectively. The results show that the risk of the storage tank area is greater than that of the production unit area. This paper establishes an index system to evaluate the effectiveness of emergency management, uses AHP to determine the weight, and evaluates the effectiveness of the existing HSE system. Finally, the effect of LDAR technology on reducing VOC (VOCs) emission and accident risk is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TE65;TQ086.2
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