建设项目安全事故阶段性演化机理研究

发布时间：2018-11-05 08:00

【摘要】：为有效预防及控制建设项目安全事故,研究其事故演变的阶段性特征及其演化机理,并提出应对策略。在已有事故阶段性划分研究基础上,将建设项目安全事故划分为危机潜伏期、事故爆发期、蔓延期和终结期,采取尖点突变、诱因耦合、耗散结构等理论与方法分别分析4个阶段的演化机理。结果表明,在危机潜伏期,应注意预防与控制人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态及切断二者耦合路径;在事故爆发期,应采取控制人和管理因素等增加有效负熵,抵消正熵的措施;在事故蔓延期,应采取控制危险源、隔离或增阻等策略控制事故;在事故终结期,重在通过总结事故原因,反省事故教训。
[Abstract]:In order to effectively prevent and control the safety accidents of construction projects, the stage characteristics and evolution mechanism of the accidents are studied, and the countermeasures are put forward. On the basis of the existing research on the stage division of accidents, the safety accidents of construction projects are divided into three stages: crisis incubation period, accident outbreak period, spreading period and ending period, and adopts cusp mutation and inducement coupling. The theories and methods of dissipative structure are used to analyze the evolution mechanism of the four stages. The results showed that in the latent period of crisis, attention should be paid to preventing and controlling the unsafe behavior of human beings, the unsafe state of objects and cutting off the coupling paths between the two. In the period of accident outbreak, the measures of increasing effective negative entropy and counteracting positive entropy should be taken, such as controlling person and management factors, controlling danger source, isolating or increasing resistance and so on, in the period of accident spreading. At the end of the accident, it is important to sum up the causes of the accident and reflect on the lessons of the accident.
【作者单位】：上海工程技术大学管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助(12YJC630242) 国家哲学社会科学基金资助(14BTQ026) 上海市教育委员会科研创新重点项目(13ZS130)
【分类号】：X928

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