基于自适应三次样条插值的ACARS航迹重构算法研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 17:54

【摘要】：在马航MH370事件之后,航空飞行器的飞行安全,特别是实时的精确定位引发了航空界的广泛关注。因此,航班实时追踪成为了目前需要解决的关键技术。航迹重构是实现航班追踪,保证航空飞行安全的关键技术之一。航迹平滑程度的提高和误差的降低有助于航班的精确追踪和准确定位,对航空交通运输的安全运行提供了保障。本文在分析航空飞行器飞行航迹的基础上,研究利用飞机通信寻址与报告系统ACARS(Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System)提供的历史飞行数据重构飞行航迹的算法,提出了基于自适应三次样条插值的航迹重构方法。该方法利用随机选取的节点求出B样条基函数,结合ACARS历史数据反算出曲线控制点。再由控制点和B样条基函数重构出航迹曲线并计算出实际误差,若误差不满足既定要求,重新选取节点直至符合要求。并在保证精度的条件下,对样条节点进行优化,提高重构航迹的效率。实验结果表明,自适应三次样条算法相比于传统重构算法具有较好的性能,表现在航迹曲线较为平滑,航迹预测精度较高,特别是在起飞和降落阶段,重构航迹效果比较明显。通过仿真实验得出,在近似的时间范围内,误差精度为0.8%,相比其他算法精度更高。
[Abstract]:After the Malaysia Airlines MH370 incident, aviation safety, especially the accurate positioning in real time, has aroused widespread concern in the aviation industry. Therefore, flight real-time tracking has become the key technology to be solved. Track reconfiguration is one of the key technologies to realize flight tracking and ensure aviation flight safety. The improvement of track smoothing degree and the decrease of error are helpful to the accurate tracking and positioning of flight and provide the guarantee for the safe operation of air transportation. On the basis of analyzing the flight path of aeronautical vehicle, this paper studies the algorithm of reconstructing flight track using the historical flight data provided by the aircraft communication addressing and reporting system (ACARS (Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System). A method of track reconstruction based on adaptive cubic spline interpolation is proposed. In this method, the B-spline basis function is obtained by using randomly selected nodes, and the curve control points are inversely calculated with ACARS historical data. Then the track curve is reconstructed from the control point and the B-spline basis function, and the actual error is calculated. If the error does not meet the established requirements, the node is re-selected until it meets the requirements. In order to improve the efficiency of track reconstruction, the spline nodes are optimized under the condition of ensuring accuracy. The experimental results show that the adaptive cubic spline algorithm has better performance than the traditional reconstruction algorithm, which shows that the track curve is smoother and the track prediction accuracy is higher, especially in the take-off and landing stages, the effect of track reconstruction is obvious. The simulation results show that in the approximate time range, the error accuracy is 0.8, which is higher than other algorithms.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328.3;V355.1

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