空气净化剂对空气中甲醛去除效果的研究

发布时间：2018-12-17 03:07

【摘要】：随着人们对室内环境空气质量的越来越重视，各类空气净化剂也应运而生。这些产品的出现从某种程度上迎合了人们的需求，，各生产商、经销商趁机对其效果大肆宣扬，正面效果的鼓吹远远超过了实际效能，同时一些劣质产品也登上了空气净化治理的舞台，带来负面效应至今尚无定论。为了能评价现时市面上空气净化剂的质量，本实验从主要的流通领域购买主流品牌主导产品共24个批次，包括15种空气净化剂，6种光触媒，3种生物酶，按照JC/T1074-2008方法的要求，测试其甲醛清除率。其中符合JC/T1074-2008要求，甲醛清除率达到75%或以上的只有6个样品，合格率只有25%。而试验舱内甲醛含量清除后符合GB/T18883-2002的规定的也只有9个，占样品数的37.5%。现在我国针对空气净化剂净化效果性能测试的两个主要方法均针对空气净化产品对空气中本身已经存在的甲醛的清除效果测试。而现在市面上的空气净化剂很大一部分是用于清除人造板、刨花板等装修材料内部的游离甲醛，对于板材中游离甲醛的消除效果也没有一个统一的方法进行测定。因此本实验建立了一套检测空气净化剂对板材中的甲醛含量清除效果的检测方法。将制备好的写空白字样的素板、喷漆板和涂有空气净化剂的素板、喷漆板分别放入恒温气候露点仪中，关闭舱门，16小时后测定其甲醛含量，测定其甲醛去除效果。通过以上检测，本次24个样品中，能将板材清除到达到GB18580-2001的要求的样品共有11个，占总样品数的45.8%。而针对空气净化剂的二次污染，本次试验检测了空气净化剂的pH值以及治理过程中的氨释放量。其中pH值最少的只有3.2，呈明显的酸性；最大的pH值为9.3。而治理过程中产生的氨气24个样品均符合GB/T18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》中氨含量的指标的要求。但是有个别样品释放的氨含量达到了0.05mg/m3或以上，最高的氨含量超过了0.1mg/m3。
[Abstract]:As people pay more and more attention to indoor air quality, all kinds of air purifiers come into being. To some extent, the emergence of these products caters to the needs of people. Manufacturers and dealers take advantage of the opportunity to promote their effects, which greatly outweigh their actual effectiveness. At the same time, some inferior products are also on the stage of air purification. In order to evaluate the quality of air purifying agents on the market, 24 batches of mainstream brand leading products were purchased from major circulation fields, including 15 air purifiers, 6 photocatalysts, 3 biological enzymes. According to the requirements of JC/T1074-2008 method, the formaldehyde clearance rate was tested. Only 6 samples with 75% or more formaldehyde clearance rate and only 25% qualified rate were found to meet the JC/T1074-2008 requirement. The formaldehyde content in the test chamber was 37.5% of the sample number, and only 9 (37.5%) of the samples met the requirements of GB/T18883-2002. At present, the two main methods to test the performance of air purifying agent in our country are to test the effect of the air purifying product on the formaldehyde removal which already exists in the air. However, most of the air purifiers on the market are used to remove free formaldehyde from the interior of wood-based panels, particleboards and other decoration materials, and there is no uniform method to determine the effect of eliminating free formaldehyde in the plates. Therefore, a method for detecting the effect of air purifier on the removal of formaldehyde in sheet metal was established. The prepared blank plate, paint plate and air purifier board were put into the constant temperature dew point meter, closed the door, determined the formaldehyde content after 16 hours, and determined the formaldehyde removal effect. Through the above test, there are 11 samples which can remove the plate to GB18580-2001, accounting for 45.8% of the total sample number. In view of the secondary pollution of air purifier, the pH value of air purifier and the ammonia release during the treatment were detected. The lowest value of pH was 3.2, which was obviously acidic, and the maximum value of pH was 9.3. However, 24 samples of ammonia produced during the treatment process met the requirements of ammonia content in GB/T18883-2002 Indoor Air quality Standard. But some of the samples released ammonia up to 0.05mg/m3 or above, with the highest ammonia content exceeding 0.1 mg / m ~ (3).
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU834.8

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