基于ABC分析法构建煤矿工人安全行为作业体系

发布时间：2019-01-01 07:47

【摘要】：煤炭是我国的支柱产业,对国家经济的增长做出了重要贡献,但同时煤炭也是我国工业生产中事故最多、伤亡最严重的行业,长期以来连续不断的煤矿安全事故严重制约了煤炭行业的发展。鉴于我国煤矿安全事故屡禁不止,加之其较大的发生频率和危害程度,许多专家和学者开始试图去分析、探讨和研究煤矿事故不断多发的真正原因,以便能够更加有效地减少矿难事故和死亡人数。大量的调查统计结果表明人因失误导致的事故占事故总数的80%以上。因此,针对我国煤矿人因事故频发的事实,本文通过对煤矿工人不安全行为的根本原因借助于ABC行为分析法进行深入的探索,并根据煤矿工人不安全行的因素和控制理论对整个作业系统进行改善,从而从根本上消除不安全行为产生的诱导因素,最终构建成煤矿工人安全行为作业体系,从根源上消除人为因素引起安全事故,对于我国煤矿安全具有十分巨大的现实意义。首先,分析了人的不安全行为的概念、特点、致因机理,以及煤矿工人产生不安全行为的原因以及不安全行为的分类,挖掘煤矿工人不安全行为的改善方法,为煤矿工人不安全行为研究提供支持；并且介绍了ABC行为分析方法的定义、理论模型及应用方法,为研究煤矿工人不安全行为提供了具体的方法,根据ABC行为分析法结合煤矿工人不安全行为的控制方法,建立行为的改善模型,为构建煤矿工人安全行为作业体系打下了基础。其次,在通过煤矿现场观察和大量的文献研究的基础上总结出煤矿工人不安全行为的原因可以分为：人的不安全性、组织管理的不安全性以及人-机-环境系统的不安全性三个大类,从而根据不安全行为的诱发原因,编制煤矿工人的行为心理调查问卷,并借助于运用灰色模糊综合评判的方法对煤矿工人测量的行为心理数据进行处理,评价当前煤矿作业体系的安全等级,并以此来寻找控制不安全行为的突破口,从而更加有效地构建煤矿工人安全行为作业体系。再次,根据ABC行为分析法的现场观察结果和基于ABC的不安全行为改善模式,从不安全行为的诱导因素的源头来控制人为风险,构建煤矿工人行为安全作业体系。最后,为了用实例来指导ABC行为分析方法在煤矿工人行为安全作业体系中的具体应用。本文运用编制完善的煤矿工人行为心理测量表对王庄煤矿工人进行测量,评价出煤矿工人的整体作业体系处于比较危险的状态,所以运用ABC行为分析方法对王庄煤矿工人进行现场行为观察,充分找出不安全行为的主要因素,并借助于行为改善模型和行为安全作业体系的构建方法,来对王庄煤矿工人的不安全行为进行改善,提出了不安全行为控制的具体办法,进而提高煤矿整体生产系统的安全性,提高工人作业体系的可靠性,构建出安全行为作业体系,降低煤矿人为事故的发生概率
[Abstract]:Coal is the pillar industry of our country, which has made important contribution to the national economic growth. But at the same time, coal is also the industry with the most accidents and casualties in our country's industrial production. The continuous coal mine safety accidents have seriously restricted the development of the coal industry for a long time. In view of the fact that the coal mine safety accidents in our country are repeatedly prohibited, coupled with their relatively high frequency of occurrence and degree of harm, many experts and scholars have begun to try to analyze and study the real reasons for the frequent occurrence of coal mine accidents. In order to reduce the number of mine accidents and deaths more effectively. A large number of statistical results show that accidents caused by human errors account for more than 80% of the total number of accidents. Therefore, in view of the fact that human accidents occur frequently in coal mines in China, this paper makes a deep exploration on the fundamental causes of unsafe behavior of coal miners by means of ABC behavior analysis. According to the factors and control theory of unsafe operation of coal miners, the whole operation system is improved to eliminate the inducing factors of unsafe behavior, and finally to construct the work system of safety behavior of coal miners. It is of great practical significance for coal mine safety in our country to eliminate human factors from the root cause of safety accidents. First of all, it analyzes the concept, characteristics, cause mechanism, causes of unsafe behavior and classification of unsafe behavior of coal miners, and excavates the improvement methods of unsafe behavior of coal miners. Support for research on unsafe behaviour of coal miners; This paper also introduces the definition, theoretical model and application of ABC behavior analysis method, which provides a concrete method for studying unsafe behavior of coal miners. According to the ABC behavior analysis method combined with the control method of coal miners unsafe behavior, The improvement model of behavior is established, which lays a foundation for the construction of safety behavior system of coal miners. Secondly, on the basis of coal mine site observation and a lot of literature research, the author concludes that the reasons of unsafe behavior of coal miners can be divided into: human insecurity, The insecurity of organization and management and the insecurity of human-machine-environment system were classified into three categories. According to the induced reasons of unsafe behavior, the questionnaire of behavior psychology of coal miners was compiled. With the help of the method of grey fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the behavior psychological data measured by coal miners are processed, and the safety grade of the current coal mine operation system is evaluated, and the breakthrough to control unsafe behavior is found. Thus more effective construction of coal mine workers safety behavior work system. Thirdly, according to the field observation results of ABC behavior analysis method and the unsafe behavior improvement model based on ABC, the source of inducing factors of unsafe behavior is to control the human risk and construct the coal miners behavior safety work system. Finally, in order to guide the application of ABC behavior analysis method in coal mine workers behavior safety system. In this paper, the authors of Wangzhuang coal mine workers were measured by using the perfect coal miners' behavior psychological measurement scale, and the results showed that the whole working system of the coal miners was in a more dangerous state. So we use ABC behavior analysis method to observe the site behavior of Wangzhuang coal miners, fully find out the main factors of unsafe behavior, and with the help of behavior improvement model and behavior safety work system construction method, To improve the unsafe behavior of the workers in Wangzhuang Coal Mine, and put forward the concrete methods to control the unsafe behavior, and then improve the safety of the whole coal mine production system, improve the reliability of the workers' work system, and construct the work system of the safety behavior. Reducing the probability of coal mine man-made accidents
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X936

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