城市地下商业街事故应急救援指挥系统的数字化研究

发布时间：2019-03-08 16:25

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的快速发展，土地资源的高度紧张，地面空间的开发受到限制等等原因。很多商家将目标锁定到地下空间的开发利用上，越来越多的地下商业街出现在城市当中，然而随着地下商业街的广泛利用和不断兴建，其安全问题越来越引起人们的关注。地下商业街属于商业公共场所，除了具备一般商业建筑的人员高度密集、客流不固定、经营商品多样化等特性外，还存在内部结构复杂、疏散救援困难等因素。且地下商业街处于相对封闭的状态下，一般没有直接通向地面的门和窗户，一旦发生突发事故，事态不易控制，很难进行有效地应急救援工作。基于以上原因，迫切地需要构建一种更加科学合理的应急救援指挥系统，在对地下商业街突发事故进行有效的分析评估之后，给出最优化的应急救援指挥方案，，最大程度上减少人员伤亡和人民财产损失。本文首先阐述了地下商业街突发事故的常见类型以及特点，以此来说明地下商业街事故影响程度以及可能造成的事故后果。然后又从地下商业街建筑结构的特殊性和可能造成的事故影响程度两方面对地下商业街应急救援指挥进行影响因素分析，确定在构建地下商业街事故应急救援指挥系统时所要关注的问题。最后，综合前面分析的研究成果，明确系统的需求分析以及数据资料的采集处理方式，构建城市地下商业街事故应急救援指挥系统。基于以上的理论分析，本文以哈尔滨西城汇地下商业街为研究对象，利用VB可视化工具与GIS软件组件式二次开发的相结合的方式构建本文所研究的系统，本系统的建设能为地下商业街的应急管理与规划提供一个有效的、现代化的管理工具，能更高效、直观、综合的管理地下商业街的空间和属性信息，在突发事故时保障应急救援指挥行动的快速反应和及时救援。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the high tension of land resources and the restriction of the development of ground space and so on. Many businesses focus on the development and utilization of underground space, and more underground commercial streets appear in the city. However, with the widespread use and continuous construction of underground commercial streets, its security issues have attracted more and more attention. The underground commercial street is a commercial public place. In addition to the characteristics of general commercial buildings, such as high density of people, irregular passenger flow and diversification of business goods, there are also some factors, such as complicated internal structure, difficult to evacuate and rescue, and so on. And underground commercial street is in a relatively closed state, generally there is no direct access to the ground doors and windows, once a sudden accident, the situation is not easy to control, it is difficult to carry out effective emergency rescue work. Based on the above reasons, there is an urgent need to construct a more scientific and reasonable emergency rescue command system. After the effective analysis and evaluation of the sudden accidents in underground commercial streets, the optimal emergency rescue command scheme is given. Minimize casualties and damage to people's property. In this paper, the common types and characteristics of sudden accidents in underground commercial streets are described firstly, so as to explain the degree of influence of accidents in underground commercial streets and the possible consequences of accidents. Then it analyzes the influence factors of emergency rescue command of underground commercial street from two aspects: the particularity of underground commercial street building structure and the degree of possible accident influence. The problems that should be paid attention to when constructing the emergency rescue command system of underground commercial street accident are determined. Finally, according to the research results of the previous analysis, the demand analysis of the system and the way of data collection and processing are defined, and the emergency rescue command system of urban underground commercial street is constructed. Based on the above theoretical analysis, this paper takes Harbin Xicheng Huicheng underground commercial street as the research object, uses the VB visualization tool and the secondary development of GIS software component to construct the system of this paper. The construction of this system can provide an effective and modern management tool for the emergency management and planning of underground commercial street, and can manage the space and attribute information of underground commercial street more efficiently, intuitively and synthetically. Ensure rapid response and timely rescue of emergency rescue command operations in the event of an emergency.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X928.04

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