金沙江水富港通航限制条件及航行安全保障措施研究

发布时间：2019-03-26 13:40

【摘要】：山区河流流速普遍较急,水面纵坡也很陡,同时由于河流地形崎岖曲折,往往产生各种各样的副流,形成严重碍航的不良流态。近年来,随着经济快速发展,河流沿岸出现了很多跨、临河建筑物,通航环境及通航条件发生很大改变,可能对航道尺度、通航水流条件以及船舶航行安全产生较大影响,如不及时进行相关研究并采取相应防护措施,一旦发生问题,后果将十分严重,其经济损失和社会影响均难以估计。本文通过实船试验和物理模型试验,对金沙江水富港港区河段的船舶通航限制条件进行研究,并针对试验结果提出相应的航运安全保障措施,为解决类似河段通航条件提供一定的参考。本文开展的主要研究内容和获得的成果如下： (1)从力学角度分析船舶上滩能力,提出将船舶上滩航行助力和船舶推力作为船舶上滩的关键指标,在实船试验过程中实测出流速流向值拟合出计算结果； (2)针对水富港河段特殊情况,根据实际情况开展了7000m3/s流量级的实船试验,观测记录了各载重条件下船舶航行最大舵角、最大漂角及航迹线,结合之前提出的船舶上滩能力指标,分析船舶限制通航条件； (3)针对山区河流港区河段特殊通航条件,采用物模试验详细研究了港区调头水域,通过多方案、多级流量条件下河段通航水流特性分析,重点是港区调头水域的选择方案及优化方案的技术可行性研究； (4)针对实船试验和调头水域物模研究结果,拟定进出港船舶航行方式,并提出港区船舶调度运行及通航安全保障措施。本文研究成果为解决类似山区港区河段航运安全问题提供研究思路和方法,尤其是将船舶上滩航行阻力和船舶推力作为船舶上滩能力指标,大大提高了对港区限制通航条件理论认识水平,研究成果具有极大的使用价值。
[Abstract]:The velocity of the mountain rivers is generally rapid, and the longitudinal slope of the water surface is also very steep. At the same time, due to the rugged topography of the river, a variety of secondary currents are often produced, resulting in a bad flow pattern which is seriously obstructing navigation. In recent years, with the rapid economic development, there have been a lot of straddling along the river banks, the river-facing buildings, navigation environment and navigation conditions have greatly changed, may have a greater impact on the size of the channel, navigable flow conditions and ship navigation safety. If the relevant research is not carried out in time and the corresponding protective measures are taken, once the problem occurs, the consequences will be very serious, and its economic loss and social impact will be difficult to estimate. Based on the actual ship test and physical model test, this paper studies the ship navigation restriction conditions in the reach of Jinshajiang River Shuifugang Port area, and puts forward the corresponding shipping safety safeguard measures according to the test results. It provides some reference for solving the navigable conditions of similar reach. The main research contents and achievements obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) from the angle of mechanics, the ship's ability to go up to the beach is analyzed, and the navigation assistance and thrust of the ship on the beach are put forward as the key indexes of the ship's up-shore. In the process of real ship test, the calculated results are fitted with the measured velocity and flow direction. (2) according to the special situation of Shuifugang reach, the real ship test of 7000m3/s current is carried out according to the actual situation. The maximum rudder angle, the maximum drift angle and the track line of the ship under each load condition are observed and recorded. Combined with the index of ship's ability on the beach, the restricted navigation condition of ship is analyzed. (3) in view of the special navigable conditions in the mountainous river port area, the characteristics of the navigable water flow in the river section under the condition of multi-level discharge and multi-scheme are studied in detail by means of physical model test, and the flow characteristics of the river section under multi-level discharge are analyzed in detail. The emphasis is put on the technical feasibility study of the selection scheme and optimization scheme of the turning water area in the port area; (4) according to the research results of real ship test and physical model of turning water area, the navigation mode of ship in and out of port is proposed, and the measures of ship dispatching and operation in port area and safety guarantee of navigation are put forward. The research results of this paper provide research ideas and methods for solving the shipping safety problems of river section in similar mountain area, especially taking the navigation resistance and thrust of the ship up the beach as the index of the ship's ability to go up the beach. The theoretical understanding of restricted navigation conditions in port area has been greatly improved, and the research results are of great use value.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698

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