基于参考临界的社区抗逆力水平研究

发布时间：2019-04-15 13:52

【摘要】：我国目前正处于突发事件的多发期,各类灾害造成的损失和伤害与日剧增。如何从社区层面来有效抵抗自然灾害,降低灾害影响已经成为各级政府和公众关注的焦点、热点和难点问题。社区抗逆力正是从社区层面来研究一定范围内的区域抵抗灾害和灾后恢复的综合能力,已经在国外学术界引起广泛热议,近几年也得到了国内学者的重视。本研究在对大量国外文献研究的基础上,探索了社区抗逆力的定义、影响因素和评价方法,并用实例来说明抗逆力系数的意义和影响因素的贡献率。首先,本文追溯了抗逆力的来源,列举了国外具有代表性的学者对社区抗逆力的定义,在此基础上提出了社区抗逆力的一般定义,并区分了脆弱性、适应性等相关概念；然后,在参考了社会脆弱性指数、风险灾害指数等评价方法的指标体系基础上,运用文献研究法、德尔菲法和综合评价法等方法确定了影响社区抗逆力水平的一般指标体系；为了更好的评价抗逆力水平,本研究提出了参考临界,并把指标的实际值和参考临界作对比确定指标抗逆力系数,以此来确定综合抗逆力系数和各因素的贡献率；最后,本研究将评价方法应用到具体社区来检验其实操性。由于目前国内对社区抗逆力的研究尚处于起步阶段,本研究提出的一般指标体系和抗逆力系数的计算方法不仅有利于提升社区抗逆力建设,更对社区层面研究抗逆力评价体系进行了深入探索。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the frequent period of sudden events, the loss and injury caused by all kinds of disasters increase dramatically. How to effectively resist natural disasters from the community level, and reduce the impact of disasters has become the focus, hot and difficult issues of all levels of government and the public. Community resilience is to study the comprehensive ability of regional disaster resistance and recovery in a certain range from the community level, which has been widely discussed in foreign academic circles. In recent years, domestic scholars have also paid attention to it. On the basis of a large number of foreign literatures, this study explores the definition, influencing factors and evaluation methods of community resilience, and illustrates the significance of resistance coefficient and contribution rate of influencing factors with examples. Firstly, this paper traces the origin of resilience, enumerates the definition of community resilience by representative foreign scholars, and then puts forward the general definition of community resilience, and distinguishes the related concepts of vulnerability and adaptability. Then, on the basis of reference to the index system of social vulnerability index and risk disaster index, the general index system which affects the level of community resilience is determined by using the methods of literature research, Delphi method and comprehensive evaluation method. In order to better evaluate the level of resistance, the reference critical value is put forward, and the index resistance coefficient is determined by comparing the actual value of the index with the reference critical value, so as to determine the comprehensive resistance coefficient and the contribution rate of each factor. Finally, this study applies the evaluation method to the specific community to test the actual maneuverability. Because the research on community resistance is still in its infancy at present, the general index system and the calculation method of resistance coefficient are not only beneficial to the construction of community resistance, but also be helpful to the construction of community resistance. It also makes a deep exploration on the evaluation system of resilience at the community level.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X43

【参考文献】