城市地下道路应急疏散评价模型与方法研究
发布时间：2019-04-28 18:28
【摘要】：随着世界经济的蓬勃发展，作者国城市化速度在不断地加快，，城市交通的重要性日益突出。作为城市交通的重要组成部分，城市地下道路占有越来越重要的位置。然而，由于地下道路处于相对封闭的空间环境中，当发生突发事件时，地下道路的紧急救援与车辆及人员疏散相对于地面道路难度要大很多，所以地下道路的紧急疏散是一个很复杂、难度很大的课题。目前，关于城市地下道路应急疏散能力评价方面的研究还不多，如何建立符合作者国地下道路运营的应急管理系统，建立系统科学的评价指标体系，准确有效地对地下道路的应急疏散的能力进行客观评价，不仅能够为城市地下道路的应急疏散相关设施的设计和管理方法提供改善措施，也有助于在地下道路的建设过程中相关管理人员作出正确的决策，具有重要的理论和现实意义。 本文在通过对国内外相关研究现状分析的基础上，围绕城市地下道路应急疏散能力评价进行了以下研究： 首先，对城市地下道路进行了相关分析研究，主要包括城市地下道路的定义以及其在交通系统中的地位；城市地下道路的特点以及突发事件的类型和特征；典型的突发事件（交通事故）产生的原因进行分析研究；基于灾害理论，对影响城市地下道路风险的因素进行分析总结。 然后，在对疏散理论分析的基础上，对影响城市地下道路应急疏散能力的因素进行了系统的分析，并设计了地下道路应急疏散评价的思路。 其次，建立城市地下道路应急疏散评价模型，包括与城市地下道路应急疏散能力相关的评价指标的选取、指标权重的确定方法以及模型与方法的选择与应用。并分别利用风险评价法及模糊综合评价法计算城市地下道路应急疏散能力，构建了基于风险的模糊综合评价模型。 最后以具体的城市地下环道为例来计算其应急疏散能力，并参考相应的等级划分对其分类，提出相应的加强应急疏散能力的建议，为地下环道的实际运营管理的改进提供了理论依据，进而验证了基于风险的模糊综合评价模型的适用性。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of the world economy, the urbanization speed of the author country is speeding up, and the importance of urban transportation is becoming more and more prominent. As an important part of urban traffic, urban underground road occupies a more and more important position. However, because the underground road is in a relatively closed space environment, when an emergency occurs, the emergency rescue of the underground road and the evacuation of vehicles and people are much more difficult than the road on the ground. So the emergency evacuation of underground road is a very complicated and difficult subject. At present, there are few studies on the evaluation of the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads. How to establish an emergency management system in accordance with the operation of underground roads in the author's country, and to establish a systematic and scientific evaluation index system, Accurate and effective evaluation of the ability of emergency evacuation of underground roads can not only provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads, but also provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads. It is also helpful for the relevant managers to make correct decisions in the process of underground road construction, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign relevant research status, this paper makes the following studies around the evaluation of emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads: firstly, the related analysis of urban underground roads is carried out. It mainly includes the definition of urban underground road and its position in the traffic system; The characteristics of urban underground roads, the types and characteristics of emergencies, the causes of typical emergencies (traffic accidents) are analyzed and studied, and based on the disaster theory, the factors affecting the risk of urban underground roads are analyzed and summarized. Then, based on the analysis of evacuation theory, the factors affecting the emergency evacuation ability of urban underground roads are analyzed systematically, and the train of thought of emergency evacuation evaluation of underground roads is designed. Secondly, an evaluation model for emergency evacuation of urban underground roads is established, including the selection of evaluation indexes related to the capacity of emergency evacuation of urban underground roads, the determination of index weights, and the selection and application of models and methods. The risk assessment method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to calculate the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads, and a risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed. Finally, take the concrete urban underground ring road as an example to calculate its emergency evacuation capacity, and refer to the corresponding classification to classify it, and put forward the corresponding suggestions to strengthen the emergency evacuation capacity. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the actual operation and management of underground ring roads, and then validates the applicability of the risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8
本文编号：2467861
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of the world economy, the urbanization speed of the author country is speeding up, and the importance of urban transportation is becoming more and more prominent. As an important part of urban traffic, urban underground road occupies a more and more important position. However, because the underground road is in a relatively closed space environment, when an emergency occurs, the emergency rescue of the underground road and the evacuation of vehicles and people are much more difficult than the road on the ground. So the emergency evacuation of underground road is a very complicated and difficult subject. At present, there are few studies on the evaluation of the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads. How to establish an emergency management system in accordance with the operation of underground roads in the author's country, and to establish a systematic and scientific evaluation index system, Accurate and effective evaluation of the ability of emergency evacuation of underground roads can not only provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads, but also provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads. It is also helpful for the relevant managers to make correct decisions in the process of underground road construction, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign relevant research status, this paper makes the following studies around the evaluation of emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads: firstly, the related analysis of urban underground roads is carried out. It mainly includes the definition of urban underground road and its position in the traffic system; The characteristics of urban underground roads, the types and characteristics of emergencies, the causes of typical emergencies (traffic accidents) are analyzed and studied, and based on the disaster theory, the factors affecting the risk of urban underground roads are analyzed and summarized. Then, based on the analysis of evacuation theory, the factors affecting the emergency evacuation ability of urban underground roads are analyzed systematically, and the train of thought of emergency evacuation evaluation of underground roads is designed. Secondly, an evaluation model for emergency evacuation of urban underground roads is established, including the selection of evaluation indexes related to the capacity of emergency evacuation of urban underground roads, the determination of index weights, and the selection and application of models and methods. The risk assessment method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to calculate the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads, and a risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed. Finally, take the concrete urban underground ring road as an example to calculate its emergency evacuation capacity, and refer to the corresponding classification to classify it, and put forward the corresponding suggestions to strengthen the emergency evacuation capacity. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the actual operation and management of underground ring roads, and then validates the applicability of the risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8
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