四川省不同类型山洪灾害与主要影响因素的关系

发布时间：2019-05-20 16:08

【摘要】：以四川省为例,在明确溪河洪水及其引发的滑坡、泥石流三类山洪灾害分布格局的基础上,构建概念模型,分析降雨、地形、人口资产易损性等引发山洪灾害的基本因子和土壤、河网密度、土地利用等一般因子对不同类型山洪灾害的影响程度,并比较它们的异同。结果表明:(1)四川省山洪灾害主要分布在盆周山区、川西高原和横断山脉一带;(2)如果3项基本因子可以解释山洪灾害空间分布100%的变化,则它们对三类灾害的影响程度分别为:溪河洪水,降雨59%、地形28%、人口资产13%;泥石流,降雨15%、地形73%、人口资产12%;滑坡,降雨48%、地形34%、人口资产18%;(3)总体上,泥石流灾害对地形、岩性、土地利用等下垫面因子的依赖更高,而溪河洪水和滑坡灾害受降雨要素的影响更大。
[Abstract]:Taking the Sichuan province as an example, on the basis of defining the distribution pattern of the three types of mountain and flood disasters, such as the flood of the Xihe River and the resulting landslide and debris flow, a conceptual model is constructed to analyze the basic factors and soil and river network density of the flood disaster, such as rainfall, terrain, and vulnerability of the population. The general factors such as land use affect the different types of mountain and flood disasters and compare their similarities and differences. The results show that: (1) The flood disaster in Sichuan Province is mainly distributed in the mountain area of the basin, the west of the Sichuan and the Hengduan Mountains; (2) if the three basic factors can explain the change of the spatial distribution of the mountain and flood disaster, the degree of the impact on the three types of disasters is: the stream of the Xihe River, The rainfall is 59%, the terrain is 28%, the population assets are 13%, the debris flow, the rainfall is 15%, the terrain is 73%, the population assets are 12%, the landslide, the rainfall is 48%, the terrain is 34%, the population assets are 18%, and (3) the debris flow disasters are overall on the terrain and the lithology, The dependence of land-use factors on land use is higher, while the flood of the stream and the disaster of the landslide are more affected by the rainfall factors.
【作者单位】：长江科学院水土保持研究所;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201301058,201301059) 国家自然科学基金(41271303) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2015010/TB)
【分类号】：X43

【参考文献】