雾天环境下高速公路行车安全与预警技术研究
发布时间：2019-05-21 14:03
【摘要】：近年来，全国高速公路交通事业的不断发展在产生显著的社会经济效益的同时也带来了大量的交通事故，且长期居高不下。特别是在雾天情况下的行车安全问题逐渐成为制约高速公路带来经济效益的瓶颈。因此，研究雾天高速公路交通安全和预警技术提高高速公路在特殊天气条件下的安全系数，是高速公路路网日趋密集、机动车总量日益增加的大背景下的必然要求和必要准备。本文结合国内外对雾天高速公路交通管制的研究现状，借鉴国内外的先进科研成果，吸取相关领域的先进经验，分别从理论、技术、管理三个层面对问题进行研究分析。 本文从分析雾的定义和分类入手，研究高速公路沿线雾的形成机理及时空分布规律特征。分别从雾天条件下的道路行车环境、交通流特征和驾驶员行为特性三个方面论述雾天对高速公路行车安全影响的机理。并在此基础上，结合雾天环境下的车辆制动过程分析，建立了基于车辆安全跟驰间距的高速公路车速限制值计算模型，据此给出了对应于不同程度雾条件下的车速限制标准建议，并提出了相应的交通安全行车建议。 对高速公路雾天安全预警系统进行研究，分析预警系统的各部分的组成及其功能，根据不同程度的雾对高速公路安全行车的影响将预警等级划分为四个等级，，并针对不同的预警等级提出了相应的交通组织管理方案。对雾天环境下高速公路固定标志和临时标志的设置进行了研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the continuous development of highway transportation in China has not only produced remarkable social and economic benefits, but also brought a large number of traffic accidents, and remained high for a long time. Especially under the condition of fog, the problem of driving safety has gradually become the bottleneck that restricts the economic benefit of expressway. Therefore, it is necessary and necessary to study the traffic safety and early warning technology of Fudan Expressway to improve the safety factor of expressway under special weather conditions, which is the inevitable requirement and necessary preparation under the background of the increasingly dense highway network and the increasing total amount of motor vehicles. Based on the research status of traffic control of Fudan Expressway at home and abroad, this paper draws lessons from the advanced scientific research results at home and abroad, absorbs the advanced experience in related fields, and studies and analyzes the problems from three aspects: theory, technology and management. In this paper, the definition and classification of fog are analyzed, and the formation mechanism and spatial distribution characteristics of fog along expressway are studied. This paper discusses the mechanism of the influence of fog on highway traffic safety from three aspects: road driving environment, traffic flow characteristics and driver behavior characteristics under fog conditions. On this basis, combined with the analysis of vehicle braking process in foggy environment, a calculation model of highway speed limit value based on vehicle safety following distance is established. Based on this, the suggestions of speed limit standard corresponding to different fog conditions are given, and the corresponding traffic safety driving suggestions are put forward. This paper studies the foggy safety early warning system of expressway, analyzes the composition and function of each part of the early warning system, and divides the early warning grade into four grades according to the influence of different degrees of fog on the safe driving of expressway. According to different early warning levels, the corresponding traffic organization and management scheme is put forward. The setting of fixed signs and temporary signs of expressway in foggy environment is studied.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8
本文编号：2482144
[Abstract]:In recent years, the continuous development of highway transportation in China has not only produced remarkable social and economic benefits, but also brought a large number of traffic accidents, and remained high for a long time. Especially under the condition of fog, the problem of driving safety has gradually become the bottleneck that restricts the economic benefit of expressway. Therefore, it is necessary and necessary to study the traffic safety and early warning technology of Fudan Expressway to improve the safety factor of expressway under special weather conditions, which is the inevitable requirement and necessary preparation under the background of the increasingly dense highway network and the increasing total amount of motor vehicles. Based on the research status of traffic control of Fudan Expressway at home and abroad, this paper draws lessons from the advanced scientific research results at home and abroad, absorbs the advanced experience in related fields, and studies and analyzes the problems from three aspects: theory, technology and management. In this paper, the definition and classification of fog are analyzed, and the formation mechanism and spatial distribution characteristics of fog along expressway are studied. This paper discusses the mechanism of the influence of fog on highway traffic safety from three aspects: road driving environment, traffic flow characteristics and driver behavior characteristics under fog conditions. On this basis, combined with the analysis of vehicle braking process in foggy environment, a calculation model of highway speed limit value based on vehicle safety following distance is established. Based on this, the suggestions of speed limit standard corresponding to different fog conditions are given, and the corresponding traffic safety driving suggestions are put forward. This paper studies the foggy safety early warning system of expressway, analyzes the composition and function of each part of the early warning system, and divides the early warning grade into four grades according to the influence of different degrees of fog on the safe driving of expressway. According to different early warning levels, the corresponding traffic organization and management scheme is put forward. The setting of fixed signs and temporary signs of expressway in foggy environment is studied.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 陈晓冬;基于交通流理论的高速公路安全预警系统关键技术研究[D];吉林大学;2011年
本文编号：2482144
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