民机坠撞事故分析及典型吸能结构特性研究
发布时间：2019-06-10 01:25
【摘要】：安全是民航工作永恒的主题,随着航空运量的大幅度增加,我国航空运输的安全管理工作面临更大的挑战。一直以来,防止事故的发生是安全管理的核心工作,而其中一项重要的工作就是对航空事故的调查与分析,即通过详细的事故调查,找出行业在安全方面存在的漏洞,进而加以完善。国外一直十分重视事故调查研究工作,每个航空发达国家都建立了多个航空事故数据库,为其航空安全及飞机设计方面提供了许多宝贵的数据。目前国内已开展了一些航空事故的调查研究工作,并探索了建立数据库的方法,但针对民机坠撞事故的调查研究及其应用仍未涉及。本文借鉴航空发达国家运输航空事故调查的先进经验,开展民用航空事故调查系统研究及应用,着眼于航空事故中比较受到关注的坠撞事故建立了相应数据库,并在其基础上开展了两个方面的研究。一是对数据库中影响事故乘员生存率的各参数进行统计分析,确定了各参数对乘员生存率的影响,然后针对飞机坠撞前的动力学参数研究确定了民机坠撞事故生存力包线。二是将研究得到的飞机坠撞动力学参数作为输入条件对机身及航空座椅中的薄壁吸能结构进行了有限元仿真研究,并依据吸能特性差异分析结果,对飞机的吸能结构设计提出了一些改进建议。本文是对民机坠撞安全性方面的一个基础性研究,相关成果对保障我国航空安全和飞机结构设计水平的提高具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of civil aviation work. With the increase of air traffic volume, the safety management of air transportation in China is facing greater challenges. For a long time, the prevention of accidents has been the core work of safety management, and one of the important tasks is the investigation and analysis of aviation accidents, that is, through detailed accident investigation, to find out the loopholes in the safety of the industry. And then improve it. Foreign countries have always attached great importance to accident investigation and research. Each aviation developed country has established a number of aviation accident databases, which provides a lot of valuable data for its aviation safety and aircraft design. At present, some investigation and research work on aviation accidents has been carried out in China, and the method of establishing database has been explored, but the investigation and application of civil aircraft crash accidents have not yet been involved. In this paper, based on the advanced experience of transportation aviation accident investigation in developed countries, the research and application of civil aviation accident investigation system are carried out, and the corresponding database is established with a view to the collision accident which has attracted more attention in aviation accident. On the basis of it, two aspects of research are carried out. First, the parameters that affect the survival rate of accident occupants in the database are statistically analyzed, and the influence of each parameter on the survival rate of passengers is determined, and then the survivability envelope of civil aircraft crash accident is determined according to the dynamic parameters before the crash. Second, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and the aviation seat is carried out by using the aircraft crash dynamics parameters as the input condition, and according to the results of the difference analysis of the energy absorption characteristics, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and aviation seat is carried out. Some suggestions for improving the energy absorption structure design of aircraft are put forward. This paper is a basic research on the safety of civil aircraft crash, and the related results have certain reference value for ensuring the aviation safety and the improvement of aircraft structure design level in our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：V328.2
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of civil aviation work. With the increase of air traffic volume, the safety management of air transportation in China is facing greater challenges. For a long time, the prevention of accidents has been the core work of safety management, and one of the important tasks is the investigation and analysis of aviation accidents, that is, through detailed accident investigation, to find out the loopholes in the safety of the industry. And then improve it. Foreign countries have always attached great importance to accident investigation and research. Each aviation developed country has established a number of aviation accident databases, which provides a lot of valuable data for its aviation safety and aircraft design. At present, some investigation and research work on aviation accidents has been carried out in China, and the method of establishing database has been explored, but the investigation and application of civil aircraft crash accidents have not yet been involved. In this paper, based on the advanced experience of transportation aviation accident investigation in developed countries, the research and application of civil aviation accident investigation system are carried out, and the corresponding database is established with a view to the collision accident which has attracted more attention in aviation accident. On the basis of it, two aspects of research are carried out. First, the parameters that affect the survival rate of accident occupants in the database are statistically analyzed, and the influence of each parameter on the survival rate of passengers is determined, and then the survivability envelope of civil aircraft crash accident is determined according to the dynamic parameters before the crash. Second, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and the aviation seat is carried out by using the aircraft crash dynamics parameters as the input condition, and according to the results of the difference analysis of the energy absorption characteristics, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and aviation seat is carried out. Some suggestions for improving the energy absorption structure design of aircraft are put forward. This paper is a basic research on the safety of civil aircraft crash, and the related results have certain reference value for ensuring the aviation safety and the improvement of aircraft structure design level in our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：V328.2
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