复杂低空飞行态势安全性分析

发布时间：2019-06-19 20:29

【摘要】：随着我国通用航空市场的不断推动以及低空开放进程的逐步推进,通用航空必将迎来新的发展契机。本文研究旨在面向复杂低空空域,通过采用数学建模与仿真分析相结合的方法,探索各类通用航空飞行群体交互过程中蕴含的基础科学问题,揭示复杂低空飞行态势安全性基本规律,以期为复杂低空混合飞行科学监控、通用航空安全运行提供部分理论和方法支持。首先,明确了复杂低空定义及其内涵,在此基础上分别从物理空间、保障服务角度概述了复杂低空运行环境,结合国内外通用航空发展现状及发展趋势,选取空中游览、运输作业、公务飞行、抢险救灾等四类典型通用航空飞行活动作为研究对象,并详细分析了飞行活动特点及低空飞行安全主要影响要素。其次,依据通航活动飞行特点和通用航空器性能,构建了通用航空器基本飞行行为模型、飞行冲突探测模型,基于人工势场法的航空器与非航空器间飞行冲突避让模型,基于调速、调航向、调高度的航空器间飞行冲突避让模型;依据低空飞行相关规定,构建了基于优先级的通用航空器群体飞行规则模型;基于Agent建模与技术,创建低空环境Agent以及通用航空器Agent,实现了通用航空器间以及通用航空器与低空环境间的交互;基于NetLogo搭建了复杂低空飞行态势仿真平台。最后,提取复杂低空飞行态势安全性关键参数,并基于复杂低空飞行态势仿真平台进行仿真分析,挖掘飞行量、冲突数、冲突时长、调高度数、平均间隔、平均速度改变量、平均航向改变量等参数间的相互关系,探索复杂低空飞行态势安全性基本规律,以及飞行规则、恶劣天气等因素对飞行态势安全性的影响规律。仿真结果表明:飞行量与冲突数及冲突时长之间,调高度数与冲突数之间存在非线性关系;平均间隔的波动变化随着飞行量的增加而逐渐减小;当飞行量不断增加时,平均速度改变量先增加后减小,而平均航向改变量先增加后逐渐趋于稳定;合理设置飞行参数有利于低空空域的平稳运行。
[Abstract]:With the continuous promotion of the general aviation market and the gradual advancement of the low-level open process, the general aviation will usher in a new development opportunity. The purpose of this study is to face the complex low-altitude airspace and to explore the basic scientific problems contained in the interactive process of all kinds of general aviation flight group by using the method of mathematical modeling and simulation analysis, and to reveal the basic law of the safety of complex low-altitude flight situation. In ord to provide some theory and method support for complex low-altitude mixed-flight scientific monitoring and general aviation safety operation. First, it is clear that the complex low-altitude definition and its connotation, on this basis, the complex low-altitude operation environment is summarized from the physical space and the guarantee service angle, and the air tour, the transportation operation and the official flight are selected in combination with the present situation and the development trend of the general aviation development at home and abroad, The four typical general aviation flying activities, such as the rescue and disaster relief, are used as the research object, and the characteristics of the flying activities and the main influencing factors of the low-altitude flight safety are analyzed in detail. secondly, according to the flight characteristics of the navigation activities and the performance of the general aircraft, a general aircraft basic flight behavior model, a flight collision detection model, an aircraft and a non-aircraft flight collision avoidance model based on the artificial potential field method are constructed, The invention relates to an inter-aircraft flight collision avoidance model of a height-adjusting height, And the interaction between the general aircraft and the low-altitude environment is realized; and the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform is built on the basis of the NetLogo. finally, the key parameters of the complex low-space flight situation safety are extracted, and the simulation analysis is carried out on the basis of the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform, The relationship between the parameters such as the average course change, the basic law of the safety of the complex low-space flight situation, and the influence of the flight rules and the bad weather on the safety of the flight situation are explored. The simulation results show that there is a non-linear relationship between the amount of flight and the number of collisions and the duration of the conflict, the variation of the average interval decreases with the increase of the amount of flight, and when the amount of flight is increasing, the change of the average velocity is first increased and then decreases. And the average course change amount is gradually stabilized, and the reasonable setting of the flight parameters is favorable for the smooth operation of the low-altitude airspace.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328

【参考文献】