面向突发性灾难的应急产品系统化研究

发布时间：2019-06-25 18:35

【摘要】：近年来,全球范围内各类突发性灾难频发,给各国人民造成了难以估量的生命、财产损失,相关报道充斥着国内外各类媒体。严峻的形势促使防灾减灾成为了一项备受世人普遍关注的世界性话题,灾难应急领域的研究亦成为了全人类的共同事业。我国由于地理覆盖面广并地处灾害多发带,加之人口密集、产业结构复杂、防灾意识薄弱等诸多原因,致使因各类突发性灾难而造成的人员、经济损失较发达国家更为巨大。2008年5·12汶川大地震更是深深地撼动了中国大地与全体中国人的心灵,为我国的防灾减灾事业敲响了警钟。如何最大限度的减少突发性灾难给人们带来的生理、心理伤害,是民生设计中的重要一环,而相关应急产品作为防灾减灾工作的终端环节,最直接的影响着救灾的成败,是最直观、最紧迫、最实际的焦点问题。本文针对我国当前灾难应急产品匮乏、相关产业呈分散化的具体情况,就突发性灾难应急产品展开了系统论述。全文首先对突发性灾难的概念、分类进行界定,而后以时间、空间为线索对灾难发生的时序性和典型受灾场景进行综合分析。在此基础上,遵循以用户为中心的原则,从受灾人群的行为和心理两个层面引出设计对象分析部分,建立起了灾难环境——人——产品三者间的系统构架。随后以灾难应急产品的特性为切入点深入挖掘设计的机会点。最终从其应急性和可用性出发,将前文的理论分析进行归纳、总结,对现有日常产品进行合理功能整合,提出了设计实例。
[Abstract]:In recent years, all kinds of sudden disasters occur frequently all over the world, causing inestimable loss of life and property to the people of all countries, and related reports are full of all kinds of media at home and abroad. The severe situation has made disaster prevention and mitigation a worldwide topic of universal concern, and the research in the field of disaster emergency has become the common cause of all mankind. Due to the wide geographical coverage and located in the disaster-prone zone, coupled with dense population, complex industrial structure, weak awareness of disaster prevention and many other reasons, the economic losses caused by all kinds of sudden disasters are even greater than those in developed countries. The May 12 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 deeply shook the hearts of China and all Chinese people, and sounded a wake-up call for the cause of disaster prevention and mitigation in China. How to minimize the physical and psychological injuries caused by sudden disasters is an important link in the design of people's livelihood, and the related emergency products, as the terminal link of disaster prevention and mitigation, have the most direct impact on the success or failure of disaster relief, and are the most intuitive, urgent and practical focus issues. In view of the shortage of disaster emergency products and the decentralization of related industries in China, this paper systematically discusses the sudden disaster emergency products. This paper first defines the concept and classification of sudden disaster, and then makes a comprehensive analysis of the timing and typical disaster scene of disaster with the clues of time and space. On this basis, following the principle of user-centered, from the behavior and psychology of the affected population, the design object analysis part is introduced, and the system architecture between disaster environment, man and product is established. Then it takes the characteristics of disaster emergency products as the starting point to dig into the opportunity points of design. Finally, from the point of view of its urgency and availability, the previous theoretical analysis is summarized, the reasonable functional integration of the existing daily products is carried out, and a design example is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X4

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