玉米秸秆基吸油材料的制备与表征

发布时间：2017-12-28 12:33

本文关键词：玉米秸秆基吸油材料的制备与表征　出处：《林产化学与工业》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以玉米秸秆(RCS)为原料,经氨水预处理得预处理玉米秸秆(PCS),再经乙酸酐酯化改性制备改性玉米秸秆(ECS)吸油材料,并考察不同酯化条件对产物吸油性能的影响。结果表明:RCS、PCS(预处理6 h)对0~#柴油的吸收倍率分别为1.90和4.43 g/g;以冰乙酸为溶剂,冰乙酸与乙酸酐质量比为1∶1,秸秆与冰乙酸-乙酸酐混合液的质量比为1∶15,催化剂浓硫酸用量为4.5%(以秸秆质量计),反应温度为110℃条件下,酯化反应5 h所得改性产物ECS的吸油率可达9.03 g/g,且ECS疏水性和漂浮性能均得到显著改善。采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM和BET等方法对预处理前后及酯化改性后秸秆进行了分析与表征。结果表明:酯化反应已顺利进行,酯化改性后秸秆呈非晶态,ECS呈均匀的介孔结构,介孔及粗糙表面的出现提高了材料的吸油率和漂浮性能。
[Abstract]:Corn stalk (RCS) was used as raw material, and corn stalk (PCS) was pretreated by ammonia pretreatment. Then the modified corn stalk (ECS) oil absorbing material was prepared through esterification and modification of acetic anhydride, and the effect of different esterification conditions on the oil absorption performance of the product was investigated. The results showed that RCS, PCS (6 h pretreatment) absorption rate of 0~# diesel were 1.90 and 4.43 g/g; acetic acid as solvent, acetic acid and acetic anhydride with mass ratio of 1: 1, quality of straw and acetic acid - acetic anhydride mixture ratio of 1: 15, the catalyst amount of sulfuric acid 4.5% (with straw weight), reaction temperature is 110 DEG C, oil esterification reaction of 5 h of the modified product rate of ECS was 9.03 g/g, and the ECS hydrophobic and floating properties were improved significantly. XRD, FT-IR, SEM and BET were used to analyze and characterize the esterified straw before and after pretreatment. The results showed that the esterification reaction had been carried out smoothly. After esterification, the straw was amorphous, and ECS showed uniform mesoporous structure. The appearance of mesoporous and rough surface increased the oil absorption and floating performance of the material.
【作者单位】：大连工业大学轻工与化学工程学院;
【基金】：辽宁省海洋与渔业厅资助项目(201405)
【分类号】：TQ914.3;TB34
【正文快照】： LIU Xiao-hui,CAO Ya-feng,LI Yuan,LIU Zhao-li,TAN Feng-zhi(School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China)农作物秸秆是一种廉价、量大、易得的生物质资源,我国每年的秸秆产量达数亿吨[1],除了少数被有效利用外,

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