纳米聚硅材料在低渗致密油藏开采中的应用基础研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:32

本文关键词：纳米聚硅材料在低渗致密油藏开采中的应用基础研究　出处：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：低渗致密油藏岩石埋藏致密,孔隙喉道细小,孔隙度低,渗透性很差,油井一次采收率低,其有效开采一直是世界性难题。通过储层改造和岩石表面改性等手段能够提高低渗致密油藏注水开采效率,纳米降压增注技术是一种新型低渗油藏岩石表面改性降压增注技术。近年来,河南大学研发了系列疏水性纳米聚硅(二氧化硅),在低渗油藏注水开采过程中具有很好的降压增注效果。在前期研究基础上,本文进一步制备了常温下水分散的超疏水纳米聚硅降压增注剂,并建立了化学破碎纳米聚硅的方法和技术。同时,以疏水纳米Si O2改性石英砂,制备了具有高导流能力的石英砂压裂支撑剂。主要研究内容及研究结果包括以下几个方面:1、利用激光粒度分布仪、透射电子电镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜、光学接触角仪、多功能岩芯驱替实验装置等分析测试手段,研究了NPS-W型水基纳米减阻增注剂在水中的相分散和相分离行为。同时建立了一种化学破碎纳米聚硅微粒的方法和技术,通过化学破碎和微乳液稳定技术,可实现对纳米聚硅微乳液的粒径调控。考察了温度、浓度、时间、压力等因素对水基纳米聚硅在岩石表面吸附行为的影响及其在低渗油藏中的减阻增注行为,探索了化学疏水和结构疏水的作用机理。讨论了NPS-W水基纳米聚硅微乳液多次注入对水相渗透率的影响,考察了润湿性对注水临界驱动压力的影响,为水基纳米聚硅在低渗致密油藏中的可控应用提供理论基础。2、NPS-W水基纳米聚硅增注剂为白色粉末,使用过程中需要80℃高温配液,对现场施工造成了一定的困难。本文制备了一种高浓度小粒径纳米聚硅乳液(记为NPS-L),可在常温下稀释得到澄清透明的纳米聚硅增注剂,稳定性好,平均粒径为6~7 nm。利用人造岩芯和长庆油田天然岩芯进行驱替实验评价,结果表明,NPS-L型纳米聚硅乳液在超低渗和特低渗岩芯中降压增注效果明显,具有长效降压增注作用,该产品已在长庆油田试井。3、利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、比表面积及孔径分析仪等测试手段对疏水性NPS-Z、水基NPS-W和NPS-L增注液所分离出的纳米聚硅微粒进行了对比分析,发现NPS-W和NPS-L疏水性纳米聚硅微粒表面裸露出来更多的活性羟基,比表面积增加一倍以上,具有类似于表面活性剂的两亲性和相转移功能。这种特殊结构的双亲性纳米微粒具有选择吸附性:极性端能够与强极性的岩石表面发生高效吸附,非极性端裸露在外,形成疏水性表面,提高纳米微粒对岩石表面的改性效果。同时双亲性纳米微粒所具有的运移、乳化、吸附等特性,使其有望作为功能化合物载体和高效驱油材料。4、压裂技术是利用高压将液体泵入地层而形成岩层裂隙,石英砂作为支撑使其不因应力释放而闭合。本文采用表面修饰技术,利用疏水性纳米二氧化硅制备了疏水亲油性石英砂支撑剂。探讨了纳米Si O2与石英砂之间的作用机制,研究了温度、时间、浓度等因素对其作用强度的影响。通过模拟填砂管驱替实验发现,该改性石英砂支撑剂具有优异的水相导流能力,水相流量提高112.9%。
[Abstract]:Dense reservoir rock buried low permeability, small pore throat, low porosity, permeability is very poor, well a low recovery rate, the effective mining has been a worldwide problem. Through the reservoir rock and surface modification methods can improve the low permeability reservoir water flooding efficiency, nano augmented injection technology is a new type of low permeability reservoir rock surface modified decompression and augmented injection technology. In recent years, Henan University has developed a series of hydrophobic nano poly silicon (silicon dioxide), in the low permeability reservoir water flooding process has the effect of increasing injection well pressure. On the basis of previous study, making further dispersed super hydrophobic nano water at normal temperature poly silicon injection agent to prepare the buck, and established the method and technology of chemical nano poly silicon. At the same time, quartz sand modified by hydrophobic nano Si O2, were prepared with high conductivity of quartz sand fracturing proppant. The research content and research results are as follows: 1, using laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, optical contact angle meter, experimental device and other analytical methods for multifunctional core flooding, study the NPS-W type water-based nano drag injection agent in water phase dispersion and phase separation at the same time. A method and technology of chemical nano poly silicon particles, through chemical and micro emulsion stabilization technology, can achieve the nano poly silicon micro emulsion particle size control. The effects of temperature, concentration, time, factors affecting the pressure of water-based nanometer polysilicon on the surface adsorption behavior of rock and in the low permeability reservoir in drag reduction and increase injection behavior, explore the mechanism of chemical structure and hydrophobic hydrophobic. Discusses the NPS-W water-based nanometer polysilicon micro emulsion injection effect on multiple water permeability, examine the wetting Effect of water injection pressure for critical driving, water-based nanometer polysilicon in low permeability and provide a theoretical basis for the application of controllable.2 tight oil reservoirs in NPS-W, water-based nanometer polysilicon injection agent is white powder, 80 degrees high temperature distribution of liquid in the use process and cause some difficulties in the construction site. This paper was prepared. A high concentration of small size nano poly silicon emulsion (NPS-L), at room temperature can be diluted to get transparent nano poly silicon injection agent, good stability, average particle size of 6~7 nm. using artificial cores and Changqing Oilfield natural core flooding experiment evaluation results show that NPS-L nano poly silicon in emulsion ultra low and extra low permeability core decompression and augmented injection effect is obvious, has the function of injection by acting antihypertensive, this product has been in the Changqing oil field testing.3, using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the hydrophobic NPS surface area and pore size analyzer test means -Z, NPS-W and NPS-L by nano water-based liquid separated poly silicon particles were analyzed, and found that NPS-W NPS-L hydrophobic nano poly silicon particles surface exposed more hydroxyl groups, more than doubled the surface area, which is similar to the two amphiphilic surfactant and phase transfer function of parents. The special structure of nano particles with selective adsorption of the polar end can efficiently adsorb and strong polar non polar end surface of rock, exposed, forming a hydrophobic surface, improve the nanoparticles on the rock surface modification effect. At the same time migration, amphiphilic nanoparticles with emulsification, adsorption other characteristics, it is expected to function as a carrier and efficient flooding compound material.4, fracturing technology is the use of high pressure liquid pump into the formation and the formation of rock fracture, quartz sand as the support for stress release in the closure. The surface modification technology, hydrophobic quartz sand proppant prepared by hydrophobic nano silica. Study on interaction mechanism between nano Si O2 and quartz sand, the time of temperature, concentration and other factors on the effect of strength. Through the simulation of sand filling tube displacement experiment showed that the modified quartz sand proppant has excellent water diversion, water flow increased 112.9%.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TE34

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