基于金纳米笼的纳米药物载体的制备及其特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 12:04

本文关键词：基于金纳米笼的纳米药物载体的制备及其特性研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,金属纳米粒子凭着其出色的光、电、磁学性质得到了迅速的发展。其中,金纳米笼是一种新型的具有中空,表面介孔结构以及等离子激元特性的金属纳米粒子。这种纳米粒子在近红外光区域良好的光散射和吸收能力以及其独特的LSPR峰使其被广泛应用于光相干性断层扫描、光声波成像以及光热治疗的研究中。另一方面,具有响应特性的胶体纳米粒子(智能纳米凝胶)由于可对温度、pH值、光照、电场等外界刺激产生敏感响应而产生形貌上凝聚／松散形态的转变,可有效地被利用于对药物分子的包封、输送以及特定条件下的释放等方面,这种材料目前已被广泛应用于药物的控制释放体系、生物反应器及酶固定等医药生物工程中。现如今,将金属纳米粒子与智能纳米凝胶相结合,制备出集这两种材料优点于一身的金属-凝胶复合纳米粒子正掀起广泛的研究热潮。课题主要研究了金纳米笼粒子的制备以及其与智能纳米凝胶相结合方法,制备出了一种基于金纳米笼的新型核壳型复合材料,并且利用这种材料进行了多种外界条件下的药物控制释放与表征。具体而言,首先采用乙二醇还原三氟乙酸银法合成了粒径在40-70m的银纳米立方,并在此基础上利用离子置换法,通过LSPR峰与电子透射显微镜进行表征对照,成功合成了粒径在50-70 nm的金纳米笼。随后,利用金纳米笼独特的空心介孔结构以及金属材料特性,以苯乙烯和苯二乙烯在金纳米笼表面形成的聚合物为媒介,用原位生长法在其表面成功合成了厚度10-20 nm的PNIPAm-MAA凝胶层。这种最终形成的核壳结构的纳米药物载体,除了凝胶壳本身对pH和温度有双重响应外,还可以对一定波长的激光照射产生刺激响应。此外,得益于其独特的金属／凝胶结构,该药物载体可以通过SPR、荧光和SERS等多种信号进行释药过程的表征。这种复合纳米载体在空间结构、表面特性上的多项优势展现出了其在纳米药物传输、光动力治疗、生物医学成像以及生物体内无标记检测等方面的巨大前景。
[Abstract]:In recent years, metal nanoparticles have been developed rapidly because of their excellent optical, electrical and magnetic properties. Among them, gold nanocages are a new type of hollow particles. Metallic nanoparticles with surface mesoporous structure and plasma excitons. These nanoparticles are widely used in optical coherence due to their good light scattering and absorption in near-infrared region and their unique LSPR peaks. A tomography. In the study of photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy, on the other hand, colloidal nanoparticles (smart nanogels) with responsive properties can be exposed to temperature, pH and light. The external stimuli, such as electric field, can be used to encapsulate, transport and release the drug molecules under certain conditions. This material has been widely used in pharmaceutical bioengineering such as drug release systems bioreactor and enzyme fixation. Now metal nanoparticles are combined with smart nanogels. The preparation of metal-gel composite nanoparticles with the advantages of these two materials is causing a wide range of research upsurge. This paper mainly studies the preparation of gold nanoparticles and their combination with intelligent nanogels. A novel core-shell composite based on gold nanocage was prepared and used for drug controlled release and characterization under various external conditions. Silver nanocrystalline cubes of 40-70m diameter were synthesized by reducing silver trifluoroacetate by ethylene glycol, and then characterized by LSPR peak and electron transmission microscope (TEM) by ion replacement method. Gold nanocages with particle size of 50-70 nm were successfully synthesized. Subsequently, the unique hollow mesoporous structure and metal material properties of gold nanowires were used. The polymer formed on the surface of gold nanocage by styrene and benzodiethylene was used as the medium. The PNIPAm-MAA gel layer with thickness of 10-20 nm was successfully synthesized on its surface by in-situ growth method. In addition to the double response of the gel shell to pH and temperature, it can also be stimulated by laser irradiation at a certain wavelength. In addition, it can benefit from its unique metal / gel structure. The drug carrier can be characterized by a variety of signals, such as spr, fluorescence and SERS. Many advantages of surface properties show its great prospects in nanopharmaceutical transport, photodynamic therapy, biomedical imaging and in vivo unlabeled detection.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ460.1;TB383.1

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