薄膜型声学超材料隔声性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 00:01

本文关键词：薄膜型声学超材料隔声性能的研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科技的不断发展,人们的生活水平的不断提高,无论是航空航天和发动机中所用到的隔音材料,还是与人们生活息息相关的建筑材料等等,对隔音材料的要求都越来越高,不但要求其隔音效果要好,还要求其质量要轻,并且对低频隔声也越来越重视。由于质量作用定律的限制,在低频时一些传统的隔音技术已经开始不能满足人们的要求,而声学超材料的出现正好能够符合人们对低频隔声的要求。研究人员对低频隔声的超材料开展了大量研究,并取得了一些成就。本文研究了由刚性框架、柔性薄膜、附加质量块构成的薄膜型声学超材料的隔声性能,主要从超材料带隙的理论计算、隔声量的有限元仿真和实验验证三方面进行了研究。首先从经典的声子晶体的带隙特性方面入手,对薄膜型声学超材料按照二维薄板类声子晶体,使用有限元理论和周期系统相结合方法,并利用Matlab编程计算得到了超材料的能带结构图,分析了其带隙频率范围。由于在带隙频率范围内,弹性波的传播会受到严重的抑制,在声学理论中可以变现为高反射、低透射现象,所以本文中还采用有限元仿真的方法对多胞元超材料的隔声量进行了计算,两种方法分析得到的带隙频率范围非常接近。本文还详细介绍了薄膜型声学超材料隔声量计算的有限元仿真方法。通过隔声量曲线能够更直观和方便的分析带隙频率范围和隔声量大小,所以这里采用隔声量的有限元仿真法来讨论不同材料对薄膜型声学超材料隔声性能的影响。采用驻波管法对薄膜型声学超材料单胞进行隔声量测量,采用此方法简单方便,而且驻波管中的声波传播是以平面波的形式进行传播的,更符合理论情况。通过对超材料隔声量的测量,表明实验测量结果与仿真结果吻合的很好,验证了有限元仿真的正确性。本文研究的薄膜型声学超材料,在减振和隔声方面有很大的潜在应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, people's living standard continues to improve, whether it is used in aerospace and motor insulation material, or with the people's lives, building materials and so on, the sound insulation material requirements are increasingly high, not only requires its vibration sound effects better, but also for the quality of light, and the low frequency noise is also more and more attention. Due to the law of mass action in low frequency limit, some of the traditional sound insulation technology has been unable to meet people's requirements, and acoustic metamaterials can appear consistent with the requirements of the low frequency sound. To carry out a large number of researchers on the study of ultra low frequency sound insulation materials, and have made some this paper studies the achievement. By the rigid frame, flexible film, sound insulation performance of thin film acoustic metamaterials constitute additional mass, mainly from the bandgap metamaterials theoretical calculation, sound insulation Finite element simulation and experimental verification on three aspects. Firstly, starting from the band gap characteristics of phononic crystal classic, the film type acoustic metamaterial according to two-dimensional phononic crystal thin plate, combined with the method of using the finite element theory and cycle system, and calculate the energy band structure of metamaterials using Matlab programming, analysis of the bandgap frequency range. Due to the band gap frequency range, the propagation of elastic waves will be severely inhibited in the acoustic theory can be realized for high reflection, low transmission loss phenomenon, so the method also uses the finite Yuan Fangzhen metamaterial to multi cell is calculated. Two methods of analysis of the band gap frequency range is very close. This paper also introduces the method of finite element simulation calculation of thin film acoustic metamaterial acoustic volume. Through the sound insulation curve can be more intuitive and convenient The analysis of the band gap frequency range and sound insulation quantity, so here by using the finite element simulation method to discuss the influence of different insulation materials on the sound insulation performance of thin film acoustic metamaterials. By standing wave tube method for thin film acoustic metamaterial unit cell for sound insulation measurement, the method is simple and convenient, and the standing wave acoustic wave propagation in the tube is transmitted in the form of a plane wave, more in line with the theory. Through the measurement of super transmission loss, experiments show that the measurement results and simulation results are in good agreement, verifying the correctness of the finite element simulation. This paper studies the ultra thin film acoustic material has great potential application value in the vibration and sound insulation.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34

【共引文献】