极端风速下风机复合材料叶片的特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 00:14

本文关键词：极端风速下风机复合材料叶片的特性研究　出处：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：风力发电技术有着环保、消耗低、可再生等优点,早在上个世纪全球就已经掀起了风电热潮。我国风力发电技术的起步较晚但发展速度很快。然而相较于风电行业发达的美国、丹麦等国家,我国的自主研发能力还存在一定的不足。叶片是风力发电机组不可或缺的一部分,其性能的好坏会直接影响风力发电机组运行时间的长短以及风电场效益的高低。叶片性能的好坏很大程度上取决于翼型的性能。S8035翼型具有较好的升阻比但是却不能满足叶片根部强度需求,而DU40翼型较厚,能够满足叶根强度要求却损失了升阻比。通过复合两种翼型则能够很好地解决这个问题。此外,叶片在运行时承受着各种各样复杂的载荷,而风速是影响风机叶片载荷大小的一个关键因素。因此,研究风速对叶片性能的影响对叶片的设计具有重要的参考意义。本文通过复合两种常见翼型来设计新翼型,利用UG软件建立叶片模型并借助Ansys Workbench软件完成静力学及疲劳寿命分析,得到以下结论:1)通过XFOIL软件设计复合翼型,并比较三种翼型的气动性能,发现相较于DU40翼型和S8035翼型,在同一攻角下,复合翼型气动性能最好。2)对于三种不同翼型的玻璃纤维复合材料叶片在不同风速下的静力学分析显示:额定风速下,三种翼型玻璃纤维复合材料叶片的最大等效应力均出现在叶片的根部,应力值较小;极端风速之下,三种翼型玻璃纤维复合材料叶片的最大等效应力也出现在叶片根部,但是危险区域延叶片展向扩散,最大等效应力已经超出了叶片材料的拉伸强度。3)对于三种不同翼型的碳纤维复合材料叶片在不同风速下的静力学分析结果显示:额定风速下,三种翼型碳纤维复合材料叶片的最大等效应力均出现在叶片的根部,应力值较小;极端风速之下,虽然三种翼型碳纤维复合材料叶片的最大等效应力急剧增加,但是由于碳纤维复合材料的性能优越,极端风速对碳纤维复合材料叶片性能影响较小。4)对于三种不同翼型的玻璃纤维复合材料叶片疲劳寿命分析结果显示:三种翼型叶片在额定风速下均能满足叶片运行20年的使用要求,但是极端风速会导致三种翼型叶片的运行循环次数大幅下降,使用寿命锐减。因此,极端风速是导致叶片使用寿命降低的重要原因。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation technology has the advantages of environmental protection, low consumption, renewable and so on. As early as the last century the global wind power boom has been set off. Wind power technology in China started relatively late but the speed of development. However compared with the wind power industry developed in the United States Denmark and other countries. The independent R & D capability of our country still has certain deficiency. The blade is an indispensable part of the wind turbine. The performance of the turbine will directly affect the operating time of the wind turbine and the benefit of the wind farm. The performance of the blade depends to a great extent on the performance of the airfoil S8035 airfoil with good lift and drag. But it can not meet the needs of leaf root strength. However, the DU40 airfoil is thicker and can meet the needs of the blade root strength, but the lift-to-drag ratio is lost. This problem can be solved well by the combination of the two airfoils. The blade is subjected to a variety of complex loads while running, and the wind speed is a key factor affecting the load size of the fan blade. It is very important to study the influence of wind speed on blade performance. In this paper, two common airfoils are combined to design new airfoils. The blade model is built by UG software and the statics and fatigue life analysis is completed by Ansys Workbench software. The following conclusion is drawn: 1) the composite airfoil is designed by XFOIL software. The aerodynamic performance of the three airfoils is compared with that of the DU40 airfoil and the S8035 airfoil at the same angle of attack. The aerodynamic performance of composite airfoil is the best. 2) for three different airfoils, the static analysis of glass fiber composite blades under different wind speed shows that: at rated wind speed. The maximum equivalent stress of the three kinds of wing glass fiber composite blades appears at the root of the blade, and the stress value is small. Under the extreme wind speed, the maximum equivalent stress of the three kinds of glass-fiber composite blades also appeared at the blade root, but the spread of the blade spread in the dangerous area. The maximum equivalent stress has exceeded the tensile strength of the blade material. 3) for three different airfoil CFRP blades under different wind speeds the results show that: rated wind speed. The maximum equivalent stress of the three kinds of CFRP blades appears at the root of the blade, and the stress value is small. Under extreme wind speed, the maximum equivalent stress of the three kinds of CFRP blades increases sharply, but the performance of CFRP is superior. Extreme wind speed has little effect on the performance of carbon fiber composite blade. 4). The results of fatigue life analysis of glass fiber composite blades with three different airfoils show that the blades of three airfoils can meet the requirements of 20 years operation under rated wind speed. But extreme wind speed will lead to three kinds of airfoil blades running cycle times greatly decreased, service life sharply reduced, therefore, extreme wind speed is an important reason leading to the blade service life decline.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315;TB332

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