玄武岩纤维表面处理对其复合材料力学性能的影响

发布时间：2018-01-19 03:20

本文关键词： 玄武岩复合材料表面处理上浆界面　出处：《东华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：玄武岩纤维（BF）是一种无机矿物纤维，具有优异的力学性能、耐高温、耐酸碱、对环境无污染等一系列优良性能。从而以其为增强体制成的复合材料，广泛应用于航空航天、建筑、农业等军工和民用领域。但是，由于玄武岩纤维表面光滑且表面呈现化学惰性，作为树脂基复合材料的增强体时与树脂的粘附性及浸润性差，使得复合材料无法充分发挥玄武岩纤维的力学性能优势。因此，，对该纤维进行表面处理以改善复合材料的界面性能具有重要意义。本文采用红外光谱和X射线荧光光谱分析玄武岩纤维表面原有上浆剂成分，设计了三种去胶方案并验证去胶效果的好坏；采用五种新型水性乳液型上浆剂，没有上浆剂3个用量，对玄武岩织物进行上浆处理；采用手糊成型方式，将未处理和处理后的玄武岩纤维制成玄武岩/环氧树脂复合材料，并对其进行拉伸，弯曲，冲击等力学实验，从宏观力学角度评价和分析表面处理对复合材料力学的影响；结果表明：经过上浆剂表面处理之后，玄武岩/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度明显提升而模量略有下降；弯曲强度和冲击强度均未上升，与未处理基本持平，而弯曲模量和冲击模量略有下降。说明上浆剂在纤维表面和树脂间形成了柔性界面，改善了复合材料的拉伸性能。但对弯曲和冲击性能的改善并不明显。其中，HA50c-5%, HA50c-10%两种组合效果最好。
[Abstract]:Basalt fiber (BF) is an inorganic mineral fiber with excellent mechanical properties, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, no pollution to the environment and so on. Widely used in aerospace, construction, agriculture and other military and civil fields. However, due to the smooth surface of basalt fiber and the surface of chemical inertia. As the reinforcements of resin matrix composites, the adhesion and wettability of resin are poor, which makes the composites unable to give full play to the advantages of the mechanical properties of basalt fibers. It is of great significance to improve the interfacial properties of the composite by surface treatment of the fiber. In this paper, infrared spectrum and X-ray fluorescence spectrum are used to analyze the original sizing agent composition on basalt fiber surface, three kinds of degumming schemes are designed and the effect of degumming is verified. The basalt fabric was sizing with five new waterborne emulsion sizing agents without three dosage of sizing agent. The untreated and treated basalt fibers were made into basalt / epoxy resin composites by hand paste molding, and tensile, flexural and impact mechanical experiments were carried out. The effect of surface treatment on the mechanical properties of composites was evaluated and analyzed from the viewpoint of macroscopic mechanics. The results show that the tensile strength of basalt / epoxy resin composites increases obviously and the modulus decreases slightly after surface treatment. The flexural strength and impact strength did not increase, but the flexural modulus and impact modulus decreased slightly, indicating that the sizing agent formed a flexible interface between the fiber surface and the resin. The tensile properties of the composites were improved, but the bending and impact properties of the composites were not obviously improved. The combination of HA50c-5 and HA50c-10% was the best.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332

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