结构各向异性金纳米颗粒的制备及其SERS特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 16:07

本文关键词： 纳米材料表面增强拉曼散射结构各向异性花状金纳米颗粒六八面体金纳米颗粒可控制备　出处：《南京邮电大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金属纳米颗粒由于其独特的光学、电子学和催化性能而在生物学、医学、光学、催化和纳米电子学等领域引起了广泛的兴趣,如何实现贵金属纳米材料的可控制备,是当前纳米材料研究的热点。目前,具有花状、枝杈状和多面体结构的各向异性金纳米颗粒由于结构的特殊性,表现独特的表面增强拉曼散射性能和潜在的应用价值,但是结构各向异性金纳米颗粒的可控制备仍是材料制备及应用有待解决的瓶颈问题。本论文旨在研究结构各向异性(包括花状和六八面体)金纳米颗粒的形貌可控、光学特性可调的制备技术,探索纳米材料的生长过程及机理,研究材料的SERS特性。本论文的研究内容主要分为以下三个方面:(1)提出了一种绣球花状金纳米颗粒及其便捷地可控制备方法和生长机理。以氯金酸(HAuCl4)为金盐、抗坏血酸(AA)还原剂,在十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)表面活性剂中,一步制备得到绣球花状金纳米颗粒,且制备得到的绣球花状金纳米颗粒产率高、单分散性和稳定性好,颗粒形貌及光学特性从可见光到近红外的可控可调。研究表明绣球花状金纳米颗粒表面具有丰富的SERS“热点”,表现出优异的SERS增强性能,实现了单颗粒SERS检测;(2)在上述金纳米花生长液中加入硝酸银,通过调节Ag+的加入量和反应条件的控制,制备得到新型花状金纳米结构并实现了金纳米颗粒形貌和光学特性的可控可调;通过SERS特性表征,研究了花状金纳米颗粒的表面增强特性及其随颗粒形貌变化的规律;(3)研究并提出了基于种子生长法可控制备六八面体金纳米颗粒的技术,通过调控反应温度、反应试剂投料量等反应条件,实现了金纳米颗粒形貌从枝杈状到六八面体金纳米颗粒的结构可控制备和光学特性从近红外到可见光波段的可控可调。SERS表征结果表明制备得到的金纳米颗粒具有优异的SERS增强性能。
[Abstract]:Metal nanoparticles due to their unique optical, electronic and catalytic properties in biology, medicine, optics, catalysis and Nano Electronics has aroused the widespread interest, how to realize the controllable preparation of noble metal nano materials, nano materials is a hot topic of current research. At present, with flower shaped, dendritic and polyhedron structure anisotropic gold nanoparticles because of its special structure, unique performance of the surface enhanced Raman scattering properties and potential application value, but still controlled preparation of material preparation and application to solve the bottleneck problem of the structure of anisotropic gold nanoparticles. This thesis aims to study the structural anisotropy (including flower and 68 sides) controllable morphology of gold nanoparticles, preparation technology of tunable optical properties, to explore the growth mechanism of nano materials, characterization of SERS materials. The research contents of this thesis Mainly divided into the following three aspects: (1) proposed a hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles and easily controlled preparation methods and growth mechanism. Using chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) as the salt, reducing agent, ascorbic acid (AA) in the sixteen alkyl three methyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) surfactant. One step preparation of Hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles, and the prepared Hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles with high yield, good monodispersity and stability, morphology and optical properties of particles from visible to near infrared controllable adjustable. The research showed that Hydrangea shaped Au nanoparticles surface has a rich SERS "hot spots, showing excellent SERS performance enhancement, the single particle SERS detection; (2) adding silver nitrate solution for growing flowers in the gold nanoparticles, controlled by adjusting the amount of Ag+ and the reaction conditions, the preparation of new gold nano flower like structure and the realization of the gold nano particle shape Controllable morphology and optical properties can be adjusted; through SERS characterization, on the surface of flower like gold nanoparticles enhanced properties and particle morphology changes with the law; (3) study and put forward the seed growth method controlled preparation of 68 surface gold nanoparticle based technology, by adjusting the reaction temperature, reagent dosage the quantity of material such as reaction conditions, structure of the gold nanoparticles morphology from dendritic to the 68 surface of gold nanoparticles can be controlled synthesis and optical properties from near infrared to visible light controllable adjustable.SERS. The results showed that gold nanoparticles prepared with excellent SERS performance enhancement.

【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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