聚合物基复合材料的制备及其耐蚀耐磨性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 00:01

本文关键词： 环氧树脂碳纤维聚醚醚酮纳米碳化硅钛酸钾晶须耐蚀耐磨复合材料腐蚀　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油化工生产中经常会接触到酸碱腐蚀性介质,会对金属材料产生极大的损伤。聚合物基复合材料不但拥有与金属材料相当的力学性能、机械性能和摩擦学性能,而且还具备良好的化学稳定性和可塑性等特点。因此在介质中使用复合材料代替金属材料是一种不错的选择。为了满足在苛刻条件下的使用要求,本文使用纤维增强和纳米填充方法,制备了多种聚合物基复合材料,研究了其在腐蚀性介质中的耐蚀耐磨性能。本文主要的研究内容和结论如下:1.采用真空热压成型的方法制备了CF/EP复合材料。考察了CF取向与滑动摩擦方向夹角、浸泡时间、孔隙率和摩擦热对复合材料耐蚀耐磨性能的影响。使用SEM分析了复合材料磨损面和对偶面的形貌,并得出磨损机理。浸泡实验结果表明,CF/EP复合材料的腐蚀质量损失随着浸泡时间的增加而增加,但是质量损失很小,这是由于EP对CF的包裹作用和CF在复合材料内紧密排列的原因。磨损实验结果表明,CF方向与滑动摩擦方向的夹角对复合材料的摩擦学性能有明显影响。CF与滑动摩擦方向成45o角时,复合材料的摩擦系数最小,成90o角时复合材料的磨损量最小。SEM图揭示了复合材料的磨损机理,CF方向与滑动摩擦方向成0o到90o夹角之间时,复合材料主要的磨损形式是纤维的打薄和剥离。当纤维与对偶面成竖直方向时,主要的磨损机理为纤维的断裂。2.采用冷压成型高温烧结的工艺制备了改性纳米Si C增强PEEK复合材料。在10wt.%的硫酸溶液中,考察了浸泡时间和改性纳米颗粒含量对复合材料耐蚀耐磨性能,对比研究了干摩擦条件和腐蚀性介质中复合材料的摩擦学性能。分别使用SEM和OM分析了复合材料磨损面和对偶面的形貌,并得出复合材料的磨损机理。介质中的浸泡实验结果表明2.5wt.%含量的改性纳米Si C增强复合材料的腐蚀质量损失最小。摩擦实验表明含量为2.5wt.%的改性纳米Si C增强PEEK复合材料的磨损量最小,这是因为纳米粒子具有良好的导热性,还起到了滚珠和承载作用,以及与PEEK基体达到了最佳的包覆程度。而在10wt.%的硫酸溶液中,由于基体自身结构,基体与纳米粒子的结合强度不同,酸溶液的冷却和润滑作用,含量为1wt.%的复合材料的耐磨性最佳,耐磨性是相同环境下纯PEEK的2倍。在酸性介质中复合材料的耐磨性是相同含量的干摩擦条件下的3倍。由SEM和OM分析磨损面和对偶面得出复合材料的磨损机理,当填料含量大于5wt.%时,磨粒磨损成为主要的磨损机理。3.采用冷压成型高温烧结的工艺制备了改性Si C/CF/PEEK和改性Si C/PTW/PEEK两种复合材料。在PH=1的硫酸溶液中,测试了纳米粒子含量和不同填料对复合材料耐蚀耐磨性能的影响。使用SEM和邵氏硬度测量仪分析了复合材料的摩擦磨损机理。摩擦实验表明由于CF、PTW与改性纳米粒子的协同和传热作用,当纳米粒子含量为2.5wt.%时两种复合材料的磨损量最小。由于PTW的强度和传热能力高于CF,当改性纳米粒子含量相同时,含有PTW的复合材料的摩擦学性能优于CF的复合材料,对比填充最优含量纳米粒子的两种复合材料得出,含有PTW的复合材料的耐磨性是含有CF的六倍。由SEM分析两种复合材料的磨损面得出复合材料表面发生了粘着磨损,短纤维(CF和PTW)与纳米粒子的传热作用和协同作用减轻了犁削程度,提高了复合材料的耐磨性。
[Abstract]:In the petroleum chemical industry production often come into contact with acid and alkali corrosive medium, will cause great damage to the metal materials, polymer composites and metal materials not only have considerable mechanical properties, mechanical properties and tribological properties, but also has the characteristics of good chemical stability and plasticity. Therefore the use of composite materials instead of metal materials is a a good choice in the medium. In order to meet the requirements for use in harsh conditions, the enhancement and filling method using nano fiber, a variety of polymer composite materials were prepared, were studied in the corrosive medium corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. using the method of vacuum hot pressing the forming of the CF/EP composite material was prepared. The CF orientation and sliding friction angle, immersion time was investigated, and the porosity of the composite friction heat corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance The effect of the use of SEM. The wear morphology and dual surface composite analysis, and the wear mechanism of immersion. The experimental results show that the corrosion weight loss of CF/EP composites increases with the increase of immersion time, but the quality loss is very small, this is due to CF EP and CF wrapped tightly arranged in composite materials the wear experiment results show that the tribological properties of CF sliding friction angle direction and the direction of composite material has obvious effects of.CF and 45o direction of sliding friction angle, the friction coefficient of composite wear minimum, minimum amount of.SEM map into 90o angle of composite material reveals the wear mechanism of composite materials, CF the direction and direction of sliding friction angle between 0o to 90o, the main wear form of composite fiber is thin and peeling. When the fiber and dual surface into a vertical direction, the main wear mechanism. The fracture.2. dimensional cold forming process by high temperature sintering modified Si nano C reinforced PEEK composite materials were prepared in sulfuric acid solution. The effects of 10wt.%, soaking time and modified nano particles content on the corrosion wear resistance of composite materials, a comparative study of the tribological properties of the composite material dry friction condition and corrosive media the use of SEM and OM respectively. The wear surface morphology analysis and dual surface composite material, and the wear mechanism of composite materials. The experimental results show that the immersion medium of nano Si C modified 2.5wt.% content enhanced corrosion weight loss of composites. The minimum friction experiments show that the content of nano Si modified C 2.5wt.% enhanced wear the amount of PEEK composite is minimum, this is because the nanoparticles have good thermal conductivity, but also played a ball and bearing capacity, and the PEEK matrix and reached the optimum level of coating. In 10wt.% sulfuric acid solution, the matrix structure, substrate bonding strength of nano particles and different cooling and lubricating effects of acid solution, content of 1wt.% composite is the best wear resistance, the wear resistance is 2 times the same environment of pure PEEK. In the acidic medium, the wear resistance of the composites is 3 times of condition the same content under dry friction. By SEM and OM analysis of worn surfaces and transfer the wear mechanism of composite materials, when the filler content is more than 5wt.%, the abrasive wear has become main wear mechanism of.3. process by cold pressing and high temperature sintering of Si modified C/CF/PEEK and modified Si C/PTW/PEEK two composite materials prepared. In sulfuric acid solution PH=1, effect of nanoparticles content and different fillers on the wear properties of the composites were tested using SEM. The corrosion resistance and hardness measurement were used to analyze the friction and wear mechanism of composite material friction. Cleaning experiments show that due to the CF, PTW and modified nanoparticles synergy and heat transfer, when the content of nanoparticles for wear 2.5wt.% two composite materials. Because the minimum strength and heat transfer ability of PTW is higher than CF, when the modified nanoparticles at the same content of composite material containing PTW composite material is superior to the tribological properties of CF. Comparison of two kinds of nanoparticles filled with optimal content of composite materials showed that the wear resistance of the composites containing PTW is six times with CF. By SEM analysis of the two kinds of composites that wear surface composite surface adhesion wear occurs, short fiber (CF and PTW) to reduce the degree of ploughing and heat transfer effect of nanoparticles and the synergistic effect, improves the wear resistance of the composites.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33

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