多功能纳米诊疗制剂的制备与应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 01:25

本文关键词： 超声成像磁共振成像光热治疗治疗一体化金纳米壳　出处：《东华理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：癌症目前已经极大的危险了人类的生命与健康,所以及早的对癌症进行诊断与治疗具有极其重要的意义。超声诊断技术,由于其安全无创,成像便捷,价钱相对低廉已经成为众多诊断成像技术中(如磁共振,PET断层扫面,CT等)应用最为广泛的技术之一。但传统的超声成像,分辨率低所以对诊断的准确性有所影响,因此引入了超声造影剂,来改变组织间声阻抗特性,增强图相对比度。本论文针对目前微泡造影剂稳定性欠佳的问题,制备了以Si O2为包膜材料的空心微球造影剂。通过聚苯乙烯微球为模板,利用溶胶凝胶的方法水解硅源,再使用有机溶剂蚀刻模板,制备出粒径均一,分散性良好,体内超声成像结果表明具有良好的超声成像效果。在这个基础上,又进行了进一步研究,将磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子吸附到空心微球表面,通过体内为磁共振与体内超声成像实验表明制备出的空心微球能明显提高图像超声信号并且具有好的T2加权磁共振成像效果。成功制备出具有超声-磁共振双模态的造影剂,实现了优势互补,提高了诊断的准确性。另外,针对当前造影剂功能单一的问题,我们制备诊断与治疗一体化的多功能诊疗制剂。在诊断成像的过程中进行治疗,在治疗的过程中能实时监测。首先,使金纳米粒子通过静电吸附作用吸附到空心Si O2微球表面,再通过甲醛还原的方法使其还原成金壳,最终制备出金壳包覆的空心Si O2微球,通过体内外细胞光热杀伤与体内超声效果测试,发现该材料能吸收光能并将其转化成热能具有的好的光热治疗效果,并且能大大提高图像的回波信号,增强图相对比度。成功制备出集超声成像与光热治疗为一体的多功能诊疗一体化制剂。
[Abstract]:Cancer has been a great danger to human life and health, so the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer is of great significance. Ultrasonic diagnosis technology, because of its safety and non-invasive, imaging is convenient, The relatively low cost has become one of the most widely used diagnostic imaging techniques, such as MRI / PET scan CT, but traditional ultrasound imaging, with low resolution, has an impact on the accuracy of the diagnosis. Therefore, ultrasound contrast agent is introduced to change the characteristics of tissue acoustic impedance and enhance the contrast of image. This paper aims at the problem of poor stability of microbubble contrast agent. Hollow microsphere contrast agent with Sio 2 as coating material was prepared. By using polystyrene microspheres as template, the silicon source was hydrolyzed by sol-gel method, and then the template was etched by organic solvent. The particle size was uniform and the dispersion was good. The results of in vivo ultrasound imaging show that it has a good ultrasonic imaging effect. On the basis of this, the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles are adsorbed on the surface of the hollow microspheres. The experiments of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and in vivo ultrasound imaging show that the hollow microspheres can obviously improve the ultrasonic signal of the image and have a good T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging effect. The advantages are complementary and the accuracy of diagnosis is improved. In addition, in view of the single function of contrast agents, we prepare multifunctional diagnostic and therapeutic preparations that are integrated with diagnosis and treatment, and treat them in the process of diagnosis and imaging. At first, gold nanoparticles were adsorbed to the surface of hollow Sio _ 2 microspheres by electrostatic adsorption, and then reduced to gold shells by formaldehyde reduction method. Finally, the hollow Sio _ 2 microspheres coated with gold shells were prepared. Through in vivo and in vitro cell photothermal killing and in vivo ultrasonic testing, it is found that the material can absorb light energy and convert it into heat energy, and can greatly improve the echo signal of the image. Contrast contrast of enhanced images. A multifunctional diagnostic and therapeutic integrative preparation was successfully prepared by combining ultrasonic imaging with photothermal therapy.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ421.7;TB383.1

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