无机超分子双电层纳米材料的制备、表征及应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 02:04

本文关键词： 层状材料双电层材料类蒙脱土蒙脱土水滑石　出处：《北京化工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：层状材料是无机化合物家族重要的一部分。而离子型层状材料一般由刚性稳定的层板和层间离子构成。以层状材料的刚性层板构筑新型无机功能材料具有非常重要的研究意义和应用前景,受到越来越多研究工作人员的青睐。本论文通过以类蒙脱土、蒙脱土、水滑石层板为基体合成多种无机超分子双电层纳米材料。通过XRD、SEM、HRTEM、FT-IR、吡啶红外等分析测试方法对得到的样品进行了表征。利用合成醋酸丁酯的酯化反应作为探针反应考察了所得材料的催化性能。论文的主要研究成果包括：(1)以硅酸钠作为硅源,硝酸镁和硝酸铝等作为原料,采用水热合成法成功合成了类蒙脱土这一阳离子型层状材料。得到的类蒙脱土在水中易发生剥离得到含有稳定刚性的类蒙脱土层板的胶体溶液。再滴加盐酸溶液使剥离得到的胶体溶液絮凝,即可得到所需的无机双电层纳米材料。研究表明在最佳催化反应条件下,合成得到的材料在合成醋酸正丁酯的酯化反应中表现出较好的催化性能,正丁醇的转化率达到88.2%,产物的选择性为100%。(2)一定条件下对蒙脱土进行插层和酸化处理,实验结果表明成功得到插层蒙脱土和酸化蒙脱土。得到的插层蒙脱土和酸化蒙脱土以水作为剥离溶剂,高速剪切条件下剥离得到相应的胶体溶液。然后用盐酸处理得到的剥离液即可得到无机双电层纳米材料。在最佳催化反应条件下,插层处理后的蒙脱土形成的无机超分子双电层材料在催化合成乙酸正丁酯的反应中同样表现出较好的催化反应性能,正丁醇的转化率达到85.2%,产物的选择性为100%。(3)用水热法合成得到水滑石,合成的水滑石在甲酰胺中易剥离。将水滑石剥离液与类蒙脱土剥离液混合得到水滑石与类蒙脱土层层自组装无机双电层纳米复合材料。合成得到的复合材料的层间距大约为2.1 nm,正好等于水滑石和类蒙脱土层间距之和。在最佳催化反应条件下,得到的材料在催化合成乙酸正丁酯的酯化反应中也表现出较好的催化反应性能,正丁醇的转化率为82.1%,产物的选择性为100%。
[Abstract]:Layered material is an important part of inorganic compound family, and ionic layered material is generally composed of rigid stable laminates and interlayer ions. It is very heavy to construct new inorganic functional materials by using laminated rigid laminates. The significance of research and the prospect of its application, In this paper, montmorillonite, montmorillonite, montmorillonite, montmorillonite, montmorillonite, montmorillonite, A variety of inorganic supramolecular double electric layer nanomaterials were synthesized from hydrotalcite laminates. The samples were characterized by XRDX SEMX HRTEMT-IRand pyridine IR. The esterification reaction of butyl acetate was used as a probe reaction. The catalytic properties of the obtained materials were investigated. The main research results in this paper include the use of sodium silicate as a silicon source. Magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate are used as raw materials, Montmorillonite, a cationic layered material, was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. The obtained montmorillonite was easily peeled off in water to form a colloidal solution containing stable rigid montmorillonite laminates. Then hydrochloric acid solution was added. Flocculation of the colloidal solution produced by stripping, The results show that under the optimum catalytic conditions, the synthesized materials have good catalytic performance in the esterification of n-butyl acetate. The conversion of n-butanol reached 88.2g and the selectivity of the product was 100%.) under certain conditions, montmorillonite was intercalated and acidified. The results showed that the intercalated montmorillonite and acidified montmorillonite were successfully obtained, and the intercalated montmorillonite and acidified montmorillonite were separated by water. The corresponding colloidal solution was obtained by stripping at high shear rate. The inorganic double-layer nanomaterials could be obtained by the stripping solution treated with hydrochloric acid. The inorganic supramolecular double-layer materials formed by intercalated montmorillonite also showed good catalytic performance in the catalytic synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The conversion of n-butanol reached 85.2 and the selectivity of the product was 100. 3) the hydrotalcite was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The hydrotalcite is easy to be peeled off in formamide. The hydrotalcite and montmorillonite like peeling liquid are mixed to form the layered inorganic double-layer electrical nanocomposites. The layers of the synthesized composites are composed of montmorillonite and hydrotalcite-like montmorillonite. The spacing is about 2.1 nm, which is exactly equal to the sum of the interlayer spacing between hydrotalcite and montmorillonite. The obtained materials also showed good catalytic performance in the esterification of n-butyl acetate. The conversion of n-butanol was 82.1 and the selectivity of the product was 100.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O611.2;TB383.1

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