环氧化聚硅氧烷弹性体复合材料的制备及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 03:34

本文选题：聚硅氧烷　切入点：开环聚合　出处：《北京化工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：硅橡胶是元素高分子材料的一类,不依赖石化资源,广泛应用在电子电器、航空航天、生物医药等领域。硅橡胶在某些方面的性能缺陷,如力学强度低、亲水性差、耐油性差、存在低温结晶,限制了硅橡胶的发展。本研究采用环氧化的方法对硅橡胶进行改性,显著提高硅橡胶的耐油性和亲水性,此外,存在于硅橡胶中的环氧化官能团可以作为反应活性点进一步改性。本课题用阴离子开环聚合方法制备了一批不同分子量(数均分子量3万～25万)不同乙烯基含量的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)。研究表明,乙烯基的引入能够破坏了硅橡胶本身的低温结晶,改善其低温使用性能,且能够提高硅橡胶的主链刚性,提高硅橡胶在氮气氛围中的热分解温度,改善其耐高温特性。用直接环氧法制备不同环氧程度的环氧化硅橡胶(ESiR).研究表明,当反应聚合物浓度采用30 g/L,MCPBA(间氯过氧苯甲酸)与双键反应配比为1.3时,可以制备不同分子量(数均分子量3万～25万)不同环氧程度的环氧硅橡胶(ESiR),反应转化率在90%以上。在实验室小试基础下,探究较大反应装置制备环氧化硅橡胶(ESiR)的反应条件,将制备规模提高到10L。采用气相法白炭黑对ESiR进行增强,制备ESiR/纳米白炭黑复合材料。研究发现,环氧基团的引入可以有效增强硅橡胶与白炭黑填料的相互作用,减弱Payne效应。此外,剖析了德国瓦克R401系列硅橡胶结构与性能的相互关系。结果表明,R401系列硅橡胶具有优异的填料分散性,白炭黑增强后拉伸强度保持在10MPa以上,撕裂强度最高可达37.19 KN/m,且在拉伸状态存在发白现象。从各项性能指标测试上可以看出,R401系列的硅橡胶具有超耐磨特性和耐烧蚀特性。
[Abstract]:Silicone rubber is a kind of elemental polymer material, which is not dependent on petrochemical resources and is widely used in electronics, aerospace, biomedicine and other fields. The silicone rubber has some performance defects, such as low mechanical strength, poor hydrophilicity, poor oil resistance, etc. The existence of low temperature crystallization limits the development of silicone rubber. In this study, the silicone rubber was modified by epoxidation to improve the oil resistance and hydrophilicity of silicone rubber. The epoxide functional groups in silicone rubber can be further modified as reactive point. In this paper, a batch of different molecular weight (number average molecular weight 30,000 ~ 250,000) with different vinyl content was prepared by anion ring-opening polymerization. Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQN). The introduction of vinyl can destroy the crystallization of silicone rubber at low temperature, improve its performance at low temperature, improve the rigidity of the main chain of silicone rubber, and raise the thermal decomposition temperature of silicone rubber in nitrogen atmosphere. To improve its high temperature resistance, epoxide silicone rubber with different epoxy degree was prepared by direct epoxy method. The results showed that when the concentration of reactive polymer was 30 g / L MCPBA (m-chloro peroxybenzoic acid) and the ratio of double bond reaction was 1.3, Epoxy silicone rubber with different molecular weight (average molecular weight 30,000 ~ 250,000) and different epoxy degree can be prepared, and the reaction conversion is over 90%. On the basis of laboratory experiment, the reaction conditions of preparing epoxide silicone rubber with large reaction equipment are investigated. The scale of preparation was increased to 10L.The ESiR was reinforced by gas phase silica to prepare ESiR/ nano-silica composite. It was found that the introduction of epoxy group could effectively enhance the interaction between silicone rubber and silica filler. In addition, the relationship between structure and properties of Wak R401 series silicone rubber was analyzed. The results showed that R401 series silicone rubber had excellent dispersion of filler, and the tensile strength of silica reinforced silicone rubber remained above 10MPa. The tear strength is up to 37.19 KN / m, and there is a phenomenon of whitening in the tensile state. It can be seen from the test of various properties that the R401 series silicone rubber has super wear resistance and ablation resistance.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ334;TB332

【相似文献】