偕胺肟化纳米材料的制备及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 10:42

本文选题：聚丙烯腈　切入点：偕胺肟化　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着当今社会的飞速发展，金属材料为人类社会带来便利的同时，也给人类带来了许多环境问题，这些问题已经严重危害了人们的健康，阻碍了社会的良性发展，重金属污染问题已经成为人们不得不面对的一个问题。为了解决重金属污染问题，人们开发出了许多材料来去除重金属，而在众多材料中，静电纺丝法所制备的新型吸附材料以其出色的性能受到了广泛的关注。聚丙烯腈上存在着大量的氰基，通过与盐酸羟胺反应之后能形成偕胺肟螯合基团，偕胺肟螯合基团能与重金属离子在溶液中螯合，通过这个原理，我们结合高压静电纺丝法设计了一种能用于重金属离子吸附的材料，并对其进行了测试和研究，具体内容如下： 1将聚丙烯腈PAN纤维溶于DMF中，加入盐酸羟胺后对其直接进行了偕胺肟化制备了AOPAN纺丝液，然后利用高压静电法制备了AOPAN纳米纤维膜，避免了传统方法中先纺成膜，再在水溶液中偕胺肟化的步骤。然后，我们对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描测试，并利用铜，铅离子对其吸附性能做了进一步研究。实验结果表明，在最佳条件下，其对铜，铅离子的吸附能达到98.4mg/g和119.4mg/g，具有较好的吸附效果。 2为了改善AOPAN纳米纤维膜的强度，增强其应用功能，在纤维膜中加入了尼龙PAN66来对其进行改进。首先利用双喷头静电纺丝法制备了PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龙PA66的复合纳米纤维膜，然后利用盐酸羟胺对其进行了偕胺肟化，得到了AOPAN/PA66的复合纳米纤维膜。然后，我们对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描等测试，并利用铜，铅离子对其吸附性能做了研究。实验发现，通过尼龙的改性之后，纤维膜不仅具有较好的吸附性能，纤维膜的强度也得到了很大的提高，，提高了其重复利用性，使其具有较好的应用潜力。 3在上一章的基础上，利用已经纺好的PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龙PA66的复合纳米纤维膜，我们在其上面进行了乙二胺接枝胺化，得到了具有氨基的螯合纳米纤维，并对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描等测试，并利用铅离子对其吸附性能做了研究，实验发现其在较低pH值下对铅离子有较好的吸附。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of today's society, metal materials bring convenience to human society, but also bring many environmental problems to human beings. These problems have seriously harmed people's health and hindered the healthy development of society. Heavy metal pollution has become a problem that people have to face. In order to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution, people have developed a lot of materials to remove heavy metals, and in many materials, The new adsorption materials prepared by electrostatic spinning have attracted wide attention due to their excellent properties. There are a lot of cyanide groups on polyacrylonitrile, which can form amidoxime chelate group after reacting with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the amidoxime chelate group can chelate with heavy metal ion in solution. We have designed a kind of material which can be used for heavy metal ion adsorption by high voltage electrostatic spinning method, and have carried on the test and research to it, the concrete content is as follows:. (1) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber was dissolved in DMF, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride was added to prepare AOPAN spinning solution. Then AOPAN nanofiber membrane was prepared by high voltage electrostatic method. Then we carried out infrared, tensile, and scanning tests on the amidoxime in aqueous solution, and further studied the adsorptive properties of copper and lead ions. The experimental results showed that under the optimum conditions, copper was adsorbed on copper. The adsorption energy of lead ion is 98.4 mg / g and 119.4 mg / g respectively. In order to improve the strength and application function of AOPAN nanofiber membrane, nylon PAN66 was added to the fiber membrane to improve it. Firstly, the composite nano-fiber membrane of PAN polyacrylonitrile and nylon PA66 was prepared by double head electrostatic spinning. Then it was oximized by hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the composite nanofiber membrane of AOPAN/PA66 was obtained. Then, we tested it by IR, stretching, scanning, and using copper. The adsorbability of lead ion was studied. It was found that through the modification of nylon, the fiber membrane not only had better adsorption performance, but also the strength of fiber membrane was greatly improved and its reusability was improved. It has good application potential. 3 on the basis of the previous chapter, using the composite nanofiber membrane of PAN polyacrylonitrile and nylon PA66, we have grafted ethylenediamine onto it to obtain the chelate nanofibers with amino groups, and carried on the infrared analysis. The sorption properties of lead ions were studied by tensile and scanning tests. It was found that lead ions could be adsorbed at lower pH value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O647.33;TB383.1

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