电泳沉积法制备碳纤维基多尺度微纳米复合电极

发布时间：2018-03-23 05:04

本文选题：电泳沉积　切入点：碳纳米管　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文采用电泳沉积法制备了碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维/碳纤维复合电极以及氧化镍/碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维/泡沫镍复合电极,并研究了复合电极的制备方法、微观形貌和电化学性能等。首先采用混酸法对碳纳米管进行了预处理,得到分散性良好的碳纳米管/乙醇溶液;将同样方法应用于碳纳米纤维的预处理,并通过添加金属盐离子,使其便于电泳沉积。采用索氏提取法对碳纤维进行了脱浆处理,去除了碳纤维表面的上浆剂,提高了其导电性。通过扫描电镜和电化学测试分析得出制备碳纳米管/碳纤维复合电极的最佳沉积条件为沉积电压20V,沉积时间5min。接着引入碳纳米纤维制备了碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维/碳纤维复合电极,扫描电镜结果表明,碳纳米纤维可以在碳纤维表面形成一层中空的支架结构,增大了碳纤维基底的表面积,从而增大了碳纳米管的沉积面积,进而提升复合电极的比电容。电化学测试结果表明,其比电容可达176.4 F·g-1,相比于改性前提升了114%。采用电泳沉积法制备了氧化镍/碳纳米管/泡沫镍复合电极,并进一步引入碳纳米纤维得到了具有多层结构的复合电极。电镜测试表明,电泳沉积可以在电极表面制备一层具有多孔网状结构的碳纳米管网络,而碳纳米纤维可以增大这层网络的表面积,进而提升复合电极的比电容。电化学测试结果表明,采用浓度为0.03 mg.L.1的碳纳米纤维制备的复合电极的比电容高达1372.0 F.g-1,相比于改性之前提高了 27.4%。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotube / carbon nanofiber / carbon fiber composite electrode and nickel oxide / carbon nanotube / carbon nanofiber / foamed nickel composite electrode were prepared by electrophoretic deposition. Firstly, carbon nanotubes were pretreated with mixed acid method to obtain a well-dispersed carbon nanotube / ethanol solution, and the same method was applied to the pretreatment of carbon nanofibers. By adding metal salt ions to make it convenient for electrophoretic deposition, the carbon fiber was demineralized by Soxhlet extraction method, and the sizing agent on the surface of carbon fiber was removed. The electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube / carbon fiber composite electrode was improved by SEM and electrochemical analysis. The optimum deposition conditions of carbon nanotube / carbon fiber composite electrode were as follows: deposition voltage 20 V, deposition time 5 min. Then carbon nanofibers were introduced to prepare carbon nanotubes. Micron / carbon nanofiber / carbon fiber composite electrode, The SEM results show that carbon nanofibers can form a hollow scaffold structure on the surface of carbon fiber and increase the surface area of carbon fiber substrate, thus increasing the deposition area of carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical test results showed that the specific capacitance of the composite electrode was up to 176.4 F g-1, which was 114% higher than that before modification. Nickel oxide / carbon nanotube / foamed nickel composite electrode was prepared by electrophoretic deposition. The composite electrode with multilayer structure was obtained by introducing carbon nanofibers. The results of electron microscopy showed that a layer of carbon nanotube network with porous network structure could be prepared on the electrode surface by electrophoretic deposition. Carbon nanofibers can increase the surface area of the network and then increase the specific capacitance of the composite electrode. The specific capacitance of the composite electrode prepared with 0.03 mg.L.1 carbon nanofibers was as high as 1372.0 F.g-1, which was increased by 27.4% compared with that before modification.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TQ342.742

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