镍基复合材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 12:53

  本文选题：超级电容器　切入点：泡沫镍　出处：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：超级电容器具有可快速循环充放电、高的功率密度和能量密度、循环寿命长等优点,在许多领域得到了广泛的应用。电极材料对超级电容器的性能起着重要作用。过渡金属氢氧化物和氧化物具有优异的电化学性质且价格低廉、环境友好,近年来它们作为潜在的超级电容器电极材料引起科技工作者的广泛关注。本文选择氢氧化镍、氧化镍及其复合材料,研究了合成条件、结构修饰和材料复合对电极材料电化学性能的影响。主要研究内容和结果如下:1.采用原位生长法,以泡沫镍为基底和镍源,利用水热法在泡沫镍(NF)基底上原位合成Ni(OH)_2纳米片,制备Ni(OH)_2/NF电极,利用SEM、XRD等手段对其形貌和物相进行表征,探索了Ni(OH)_2纳米片最优生长条件。将Ni(OH)_2/NF作为工作电极利用循环伏安、恒电流充放电、交流阻抗及循环稳定性等一系列的电化学性能测试手段,研究Ni(OH)_2/NF电极的超级电容性能。结果发现:在180℃,6h的水热条件下生长的Ni(OH)_2/NF电极在2 mol/LKOH溶液中具有较高的比电容和良好的循环稳定性。在电流密度为1 A/g时,比容量高达850 F/g,充放电循环1000次后,该电极的比容量仍能保持最初比容量的95%,表明所制备的Ni(OH)_2/NF具有良好的循环稳定性。2.采用原位生长法在泡沫镍上生长多级结构的MnCO_3/Ni(OH)_2纳米复合材料,制备MnCO_3/Ni(OH)_2/NF复合电极,电化学测试结果表明,复合MnCO_3后电极的比电容有显著提高,在电流密度为1 A/g时,比电容可达到2150 F/g,且通过1000次充放电循环后,仍能保持91%的比电容。3.采用喷雾干燥技术制备前驱体,进而热分解得到CeO_2/Ni/NiO多孔复合微球材料,利用SEM、XRD等技术对所得样品的形貌和成分进行表征。探究了不同形貌的CeO_2/Ni/NiO的电化学性能,结果显示形貌规则、颗粒大小均一的CeO_2/Ni/NiO多孔复合微球的比电容、阻抗性能优越。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors have the advantages of rapid cycle charge and discharge, high power density and energy density, long cycle life, etc. Electrode materials play an important role in the performance of supercapacitors. Transition metal hydroxides and oxides have excellent electrochemical properties and are inexpensive and environmentally friendly. In recent years, as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors, they have attracted wide attention of scientists and technologists. In this paper, nickel hydroxide, nickel oxide and its composite materials have been selected and the synthetic conditions have been studied. Effects of structural Modification and Composites on Electrochemical Properties of electrode Materials. The main contents and results are as follows: 1. In situ synthesis of Ni(OH)_2 nanoparticles on nickel foam substrates using nickel foam as substrate and nickel source by in situ growth method. The Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode was prepared, and the morphology and phase were characterized by means of Ni(OH)_2/NF. The optimum growth conditions of Ni(OH)_2 nanoparticles were explored. Ni(OH)_2/NF was used as the working electrode to use cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge and discharge. A series of electrochemical performance testing methods, such as AC impedance and cyclic stability, The supercapacitor performance of Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode was studied. The results show that the Ni(OH)_2/NF electrode grown at 180 鈩，

本文编号：1671606