利用电化学沉积法制备金属内填充碳纳米管复合物

发布时间：2018-03-27 11:28

本文选题：碳纳米管阵列　切入点：金属　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳纳米管作为一维碳纳米材料,具有十分独特的结构与物理化学性质。碳纳米管的空腔是具有纳米尺寸的一维受限管道,当其他分子填充进入该空腔后,原有分子的诸多性质,如电学性质,光学性质,催化性能等都会发生明显改变。经填充修饰后的碳纳米管复合材料在纳米运输,纳米催化,超级电容器以及纳米传感器等领域有着广泛的应用前景。然而传统的填充方法普遍存在填充效率低,在填充过程中无法避免外部包覆,填充过程十分复杂,需要高温或超高真空等苛刻条件,同时易造成碳纳米管的破坏等诸多缺点。本课题采用预先取向排列的碳纳米管阵列多孔膜为起始原料,在浓度差的驱动下促使金属前驱体溶液(包括氯金酸,硝酸银和硫酸铜)自发扩散进入碳纳米管空腔,最后利用电化学沉积的方法(包括循环伏安扫描以及恒电位沉积),在碳纳米管内部成功填充Au,Ag,Cu等贵金属材料。反应产物通过扫描电镜(SEM),透射电镜(TEM),高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM),拉曼光谱(RAMAN),能量色散X射线能谱分析(EDAX),X射线衍射(XRD)等手段进行分析表征。结果表明我们在内径为15nm的多壁碳纳米管内部成功填充Au,Ag,Cu三种金属纳米棒,纳米棒完全按照碳管的长轴方向取向生长,同时发现其良好的单晶结构,充分体现了碳纳米管的一维纳米模板效应。与传统方法相比,本方法具有操作简单,普适性强,同时可以确保电化学沉积过程完全在碳纳米管内部发生,所获纳米晶体晶型可控等优点,克服了传统填充方法的一些不足,具有很好的应用前景。所制备的贵金属填充碳纳米管阵列复合薄膜在新型光学器件,纳米传感器以及纳米催化方面具有重要的潜在应用。
[Abstract]:As one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes have very unique structure and physical and chemical properties. The cavity of carbon nanotubes is a one-dimensional confined pipe with nanometer size. When other molecules are filled into the cavity, there are many properties of the original molecules. For example, electrical properties, optical properties, catalytic properties and so on will be obviously changed. Supercapacitors and nanosensors have a wide range of applications. However, traditional filling methods have low filling efficiency, so it is impossible to avoid the external coating in the filling process, and the filling process is very complex. It needs harsh conditions such as high temperature or ultra-high vacuum, and it is easy to cause the destruction of carbon nanotubes. In this paper, the prealigned porous films of carbon nanotubes arrays are used as the starting materials. Driven by the concentration difference, the metal precursor solution (including chlorgold acid, silver nitrate and copper sulfate) diffuses spontaneously into the carbon nanotube cavity. Finally, the noble metal materials such as Au-Ag-Cu were successfully filled in the carbon nanotubes by electrochemical deposition (including cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic deposition). The reaction products were prepared by SEM, TEM, TEM, and high resolution TEM. The results show that we have successfully filled three kinds of metal nanorods, Au-Ag-Cu nanorods, in multi-walled carbon nanotubes with the inner diameter of 15nm, by means of X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The nanorods are grown in accordance with the long axis orientation of carbon tubes, and their good single crystal structure is found, which fully reflects the one-dimensional template effect of carbon nanotubes. Compared with the traditional method, this method has the advantages of simple operation and strong universality. At the same time, the electrochemical deposition process can be ensured to take place completely in the carbon nanotubes, and the nanocrystalline crystal shape can be controlled, which overcomes some shortcomings of the traditional filling method. The prepared carbon nanotube array composite thin films have important potential applications in new optical devices, nano-sensors and nano-catalysis.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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