中空聚苯胺基多元复合材料的制备及吸波性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 11:15

本文选题：磁性纳米颗粒　切入点：聚苯胺　出处：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：电磁波吸收材料是能吸收、衰减投射到其表面的电磁波能量,并将电磁波能量转化为热能或其他能量的功能材料。近年来的研究目标主要集中在制备高吸收率、宽吸收频带、薄涂层且成本低廉的吸收材料。电损耗型和磁损耗型复合的吸波材料因其不同于或优于单组份的性能而受到广泛关注,本文制备了中空聚苯胺基多元组份的复合材料,并对其吸波机理进行探讨,得出以下结论：第一,采用界面聚合和Pickering乳液聚合相结合的方法制备了聚苯胺/Pe3O4/炭黑的中空球,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、四探针测试仪、矢量网络分析仪(VNA)、表征了复合材料的晶体结构、显微形貌、电磁性能和吸波性能。讨论了Fe3O4与炭黑的添加量对复合材料吸波性能的影响。吸波数据分析表明：当Fe3O4含量一定时,复合材料在2-18 GHz测量频率范围内,随着涂层厚度增加,复合材料的反射损耗峰向低频方向移动,并且当涂层厚度增大到5 mm时,反射损耗曲线出现两个反射损耗峰,分别出现在C波段(4-8GHz)和Ku波段(12-18GHz)。且当CB含量达到4.0mg时,复合材料在Ku波段RL-10dB的频宽达到2.1 GHz。当改变m(Fe3O4):m(CB)值使m(Fe3O4):m(CB)=125:1时,在匹配厚度为5.0mm时,最小反射损耗在17.3 GHz处达-52.6dB,且小于-10dB的频带坐落于16-18 GHz范围内。这说明通过调控Fe304与炭黑的配比,可使该复合材料在特定波段电磁屏蔽领域有着潜在的应用前景。第二,通过丁二酸掺杂制备了聚苯胺(PANI)纳米管。再以PANI纳米管为模板,采用共沉淀法成功地制备了PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4复合材料。最后用不同浓度的HC1成功地对PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4复合材料进行了二次掺杂。并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、矢量网络分析仪表征了复合材料的晶体结构、显微形貌、电磁性能和吸波性能。分析了HC1浓度对吸波性能的影响。相对于未掺杂的PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4复合材料的吸波性能,则酸掺杂的PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4复合材料提高了对电磁波的吸收,且当HC1的掺杂浓度为1.0 mol/L,涂层厚度为5.0 mm,复合材料在6.7 GHz处RLmin为-17.6 dB,且RL-10 dB的频宽为3.3GHz(5.4～8.7GHz),表现出较好的吸波性能,并且其吸波机理是界面反射波干涉相消和电磁损耗共同作用的结果。这说明通过调控HC1掺杂浓度,可以使得该复合材料电磁波有较好的吸收与损耗。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic wave absorbing material is a functional material which can absorb and attenuate electromagnetic wave energy projected to its surface and convert electromagnetic wave energy into heat energy or other energy.In recent years, the research focuses on the preparation of high absorptivity, wide absorption band, thin coating and low cost absorption materials.The composite absorbing materials of electric loss and magnetic loss have attracted extensive attention for their properties different from or superior to those of one component. In this paper, hollow polyphenylamino composite materials were prepared and their absorbing mechanism was discussed.The conclusions are as follows: first, Polyaniline / Pe3O4 / carbon black hollow spheres were prepared by the method of interfacial polymerization and Pickering emulsion polymerization, and X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibratory sample magnetometer (VSM) and four-probe tester were used.The crystal structure, micromorphology, electromagnetic properties and absorbing properties of the composites were characterized by VNAA (Vector Network Analyzer).The effect of the content of Fe3O4 and carbon black on the absorbing properties of composites was discussed.The analysis of absorbing data shows that when the Fe3O4 content is constant, the reflection loss peak of the composite moves to low frequency with the increase of coating thickness in the range of 2-18 GHz measurement frequency, and when the coating thickness increases to 5 mm,There are two reflection loss peaks in the reflection loss curve, which appear in C-band (4-8GHz) and Ku-band (12-18GHz), respectively.When CB content reaches 4.0mg, the band width of the composite reaches 2.1 GHz in Ku-band RL-10dB.When the m(Fe3O4):m(CB)=125:1 value is changed to 5.0mm, the minimum reflection loss is up to -52.6 dB at 17.3 GHz, and the frequency band less than -10 dB is located in the range of 16-18 GHz.This indicates that the composite has a potential application prospect in the field of electromagnetic shielding in special band by adjusting the ratio of Fe304 and carbon black.Secondly, Polyaniline (pan) nanotubes were prepared by doping succinic acid.Using PANI nanotubes as template, PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4 composites were successfully prepared by coprecipitation method.Finally, PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4 composites were successfully doped with different concentrations of HC1.X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and vector network analyzer (VN) were used to characterize the crystal structure, microstructure, electromagnetic properties and absorbing properties of the composites.The influence of HC1 concentration on the absorbing performance was analyzed.Compared with the undoped PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4 composites, the acid-doped PANI/NixFe1-xFe2O4 composites increase the absorption of electromagnetic waves.The mechanism of absorbing wave is the result of the interaction of interfacial reflection wave interference cancellation and electromagnetic loss.This shows that the HC1 doping concentration can make the composite have better absorption and loss.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB332

【相似文献】