氧化石墨烯介孔硅复合材料对重金属的吸附研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 00:31

本文选题：氧化石墨烯　切入点：介孔材料　出处：《西北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2004年首次报道独立存在的石墨烯以来,它在力学、热学、电学、光学等方面的优异性能,使之迅速成为目前材料科学和化学物理研究的一个热点,其超大的比表面积和独特的二维晶体结构,使其成为一种很有前景的吸附材料,在未来的环境与生物分析中可能发挥重要作用。本论文主要研究了氧化石墨烯、氧化石墨烯介孔硅复合材料的制备,并考察了其对环境水样中重金属的吸附性能。主要内容如下:本文通过Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,将其分散于蒸馏水中进行超声处理制备氧化石墨烯分散液(GO)。用溶胶-凝胶法和自组装法用P123作模板剂,以TEOS作硅源,氧化石墨烯为添加剂,制备具有二维介孔结构和较大比表面积的氧化石墨烯介孔硅复合材料(GO-OMS)。采用小角X射线衍射法(SAXRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和氮气的吸附-脱附对氧化石墨烯(GO)及其复合材料(GO-OMS)进行结构表征和性能测试。用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测此复合材料作为吸附剂去除环境水样中重金属的能力。实验结果表明,此复合材料具有优越的吸附能力,对砷、镉、铬、汞和铅的吸附分别达到了97.7%,96.9%,96.0%,98.5%和78.7%。本论文中使用的低成本、环境友好的合成方法及高效的吸附能力使其成为去除废水中重金属的一种有潜力的吸附剂。
[Abstract]:Since it was first reported in 2004 that graphene exists independently, its excellent mechanical, thermal, electrical and optical properties have rapidly become a hot spot in material science and chemical physics. Its large specific surface area and unique two-dimensional crystal structure make it a promising adsorption material, which may play an important role in environmental and biological analysis in the future. The preparation of graphene oxide mesoporous silicon composite and its adsorption properties for heavy metals in environmental water samples were investigated. The main contents are as follows: in this paper, graphene oxide was prepared by Hummers method. The dispersions of graphene oxide were prepared by ultrasonic treatment in distilled water. Using sol-gel method and self-assembly method, P123 was used as template, TEOS as silicon source and graphene oxide as additive. Graphene oxide mesoporous silicon composites with two-dimensional mesoporous structure and large specific surface area were prepared. The adsorption-desorption oxidation of graphite oxide mesoporous silicon composites was studied by means of small angle X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. The structure and properties of GO-OMS) and its composite material (GO-OMS) were characterized. ICP-MS was used to test the ability of the composite to remove heavy metals from environmental water samples as adsorbent. The adsorption of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead on this composite has reached 97.7% and 98.5% for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead, respectively. The environmentally friendly synthesis method and its high adsorption capacity make it a potential adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals in wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33;O647.3

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