搅拌法制备镀镍碳纤维ZL101基复合材料的研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 13:16

  本文选题：化学镀镍　切入点：碳纤维　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：短碳纤维增强铝基复合材料由于其高比模量、高比强度,结构可设计性等众多特点,而受到广泛关注。但是在制备过程中存在许多问题,如碳纤维与铝基不润湿,碳纤维在基体中分布不均等。本文采用在碳纤维表面化学镀镍来改善碳纤维与铝的润湿性,同时以ZL101为基体,采用机械搅拌将镀镍短碳纤维与基体复合,并对制备的复合材料进行组织及性能分析。通过化学镀覆滴定法,在镀液达到镀覆极限时,确定了主盐硫酸镍和还原剂次亚磷酸钠的消耗量,添加相应的量可持续镀覆,镀覆效率提高了一倍。在660℃对镀镍碳纤维高温处理,镀层发生晶化,并与碳纤维反应使结合更加牢固。搅拌桨由复杂框类改为四叶螺旋搅拌桨,使4-5mm短碳纤维在基体中得到有效分散,解决了短碳纤维在基体中的团聚现象。通过分析不同参数对复合材料微观缺陷的影响,确定了合理的复合材料制备工艺:熔体温度为780℃,搅拌时间为4-6min,保温时间为10min,搅拌速度为500r/min。采用此工艺制备的复合材料,气孔率相对较低,碳纤维在基体中分布良好。制备的复合材料中,碳纤维表面镍镀层发生了溶解,与基体发生反应,但碳纤维与铝基体并未发生严重的反应,说明镀层很好地解决了碳纤维与铝基体的润湿性,改善了碳纤维与铝基体的结合。对制备的纯铝基、ZL101基复合材料进行力学性能及断口形貌分析,结果表明,随着碳纤维体积分数的增加,纯铝基复合材料的拉伸性能先增加后降低,在碳纤维含量为9%时,强度提高了43%,纤维的断裂机制以纤维拔出为主;采用相同工艺制备的ZL101基复合材料,其拉伸性能及硬度随着碳纤维体积分数的增加而增加,纤维的断裂机制以纤维拔出和纤维断裂为主。
[Abstract]:Short carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted wide attention due to their high specific modulus, high specific strength and structural designability. However, there are many problems in the preparation process, such as the non-wetting of carbon fiber and aluminum matrix. The wettability of carbon fiber and aluminum was improved by electroless nickel plating on the carbon fiber surface, and the mechanical agitation was used to combine the nickel-coated short carbon fiber with the matrix with ZL101 as the substrate. The microstructure and properties of the composites were analyzed. When the plating solution reached the plating limit, the consumption of the main salt nickel sulfate and sodium hypophosphite was determined by the electroless plating titration method, and the corresponding amount of continuous plating was added. The coating efficiency was doubled. The coating was crystallized at 660 鈩，

本文编号：1695741