介孔硅纳米球制备自修复疏水棉织物

发布时间：2018-04-03 17:13

本文选题：介孔硅　切入点：疏水棉织物　出处：《东华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日常生活和工农业生产中，固体材料表面性能的破坏和损耗很大程度上是由于液体的参与，如流动摩擦、腐蚀、结垢和生物附着等。因此如何有效的减少固液接触在实际生产中具有重要意义。超疏水表面由于其低表面能，能有效的减少固液之间的接触，具有优异的自清洁和防粘性能。但是人造的超疏水表面在使用过程中，由于外界环境的污染、机械力的破坏等，其性能难以维持长期的有效性。因此制备表面形态稳定，具有持续疏水性能的表面具有广阔的应用前景。制备自修复的超疏水表面主要有两种方法：一是基于在粗糙多孔材料孔隙内填充疏水性物质；二是建立在界面上的疏水性胶体粒子的自组织。介孔硅纳米粒子具有高比表面积、高负载、良好的机械及热稳定性，毒性小，优良的生物相容性等特点，适用于纺织疏水整理方面。本文主要是利用多巴胺易于在碱性条件下氧化生成醌键，然后易于带有氨基的物质反应产生烷基疏水物质的性质，选用介孔纳米颗粒负载疏水性物质十八胺（ODA），并在该粒子表面包覆多巴胺薄膜，保护内部ODA的同时，提供反应层，保证疏水性能的自修复。然后将制备的疏水纳米粒子修饰到棉织物上，制备具有自修复能力的疏水织物。在疏水表面遭到机械等损伤后，自由的ODA能通过MSN的孔道向外释放，，再次与多巴胺薄膜反应，生成疏水表面，使织物疏水效果的得到很好的修复。研究的具体内容如下：（1）合成了两种介孔硅纳米粒子。利用溶胶-凝胶法合成介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子（MSN），采用透射扫描电镜（TEM），小角X射线衍射（XRD）等对其表征，可观察到MSN具有清晰的孔道结构，孔径为3.27nm；采用实心二氧化硅为模板，碳酸钠选择性刻蚀，制备中空介孔二氧化硅（HMS），通过TEM及XRD表征，可以看到在HMS具有竖直孔道结构，孔径为3.7nm。（2）选用上述合成的两种介孔纳米粒子负载疏水物质，制备疏水纳米粒子。选用上述合成的两种介孔纳米粒子，负载疏水性物质十八胺（ODA），并包覆聚多巴胺薄膜，保护内部ODA的同时，提供反应层，保证疏水性能的自修复。利用TEM表征多巴胺的包覆情况。并将制备好的疏水纳米粒子喷涂到硅片上，制备疏水涂层，选用接触角来表征该涂层的疏水性质及耐酸碱的性质，发现涂层接触角可达到140°以上，且具有较好的耐酸碱性。（3）疏水粒子快速喷涂到织物上获得自修复的疏水棉织物。将上述制备的疏水纳米粒子喷涂到棉织物上，得到超疏水的棉织物。MSN修饰的棉织物接触角可达153.2°，HMS修饰的棉织物接触角可达到155.7°；利用等离子刻蚀仪在5Pa气压下，选用100W功率，对整理后的织物刻蚀1min，经过5次刻蚀后，HMS织物具有良好的疏水性能的自修复；而MSN表面的恢复速率较慢，这与修饰后织物表面不同的微观结构有关。
[Abstract]:In daily life and industrial and agricultural production, the destruction and loss of surface properties of solid materials are largely due to the participation of liquids, such as fluid friction, corrosion, scaling and biological attachment.Therefore, how to effectively reduce solid-liquid contact is of great significance in practical production.Because of its low surface energy, superhydrophobic surface can effectively reduce the contact between solid and liquid, and has excellent self-cleaning and anti-viscosity performance.However, in the process of using artificial superhydrophobic surface, it is difficult to maintain long-term effectiveness due to environmental pollution and mechanical damage.Therefore, the prepared surfaces with stable surface morphology and sustained hydrophobic properties have broad application prospects.There are two main methods to prepare self-repairing superhydrophobic surfaces: one is based on filling hydrophobic materials in the pores of rough porous materials; the other is self-organization of hydrophobic colloidal particles based on the interface.Mesoporous silicon nanoparticles are suitable for textile hydrophobic finishing due to their high specific surface area, high loading, good mechanical and thermal stability, low toxicity and good biocompatibility.In this paper, dopamine is used to oxidize easily to form quinone bonds under alkaline conditions, and then to react easily with amino groups to produce the properties of alkyl hydrophobic substances.The mesoporous nanoparticles were used to support the hydrophobic substance octadecylamine ODAA, and the dopamine film was coated on the surface of the particles to protect the inner ODA and provide a reaction layer to ensure the self-repair of hydrophobic properties.Then the hydrophobic nanoparticles were modified onto cotton fabric to prepare self-repairing hydrophobic fabric.After the hydrophobic surface is damaged by mechanism, the free ODA can be released through the pore of MSN and react with the dopamine film again to form the hydrophobic surface, which can make the fabric hydrophobic effect to be repaired well.The details of the study are as follows:Two kinds of mesoporous silicon nanoparticles were synthesized.Mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X-ray diffraction (MSN). It was found that MSN had a clear pore structure with a pore size of 3.27nm. solid silica was used as a template.The hollow mesoporous silica (HMS) was prepared by selective etching of sodium carbonate. By TEM and XRD characterization, the vertical pore structure and pore size of HMS were found to be 3.7 nm.2) hydrophobic nanoparticles were prepared by using two mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with hydrophobic substances.The two mesoporous nanoparticles were used to support the hydrophobic substance octadecylamine ODAA and to coat the dopamine film to protect the inner ODA and provide a reaction layer to ensure the self-repair of hydrophobic properties.The coating of dopamine was characterized by TEM.The hydrophobic nano-particles were sprayed on the silicon wafer and the hydrophobic coating was prepared. The hydrophobic property and acid-alkali resistance of the coating were characterized by contact angle. It was found that the contact angle of the coating was above 140 掳and had good acid-alkali resistance.Hydrophobic particles are rapidly sprayed onto the fabric to obtain self-repairing hydrophobic cotton fabric.By spraying the hydrophobic nanoparticles onto the cotton fabric, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the super hydrophobic cotton fabric. MSN modified cotton fabric can reach 155.7 掳, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the modified cotton fabric can reach 155.7 掳, the contact angle of the cotton fabric modified by the superhydrophobic cotton fabric is up to 155.7 掳, and 100W power is selected by plasma etching apparatus under 5Pa pressure.After 5 times etching, the MSN fabric has good hydrophobicity self-repair, while the recovery rate of MSN surface is slow, which is related to the different microstructure of the modified fabric surface.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TS195.5

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