液滴微流控及吸附功能材料用于水相液体样品处理

发布时间：2018-04-11 19:21

本文选题：液体样品处理 + 单分散液滴萃取　；参考：《清华大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：液体样品的处理在健康、环境、生物检测等领域是一个非常重要的课题。随着人们对相关领域的关注日益增多,液体样品处理的需求也逐渐增加,对液体样品处理的技术要求也越来越高,这催生了一系列液体样品处理新方法、新技术和新材料的诞生,并推动其快速发展。在这样的背景下,我们以液体样品处理中的新技术、新材料为主要关注点,分别选取以微流控技术为代表的新技术和以功能修饰表面及碳材料为代表的新材料作为研究工作的主体,从不同角度研究了这些新技术或新材料在液体样品处理领域中的应用。从液体样品处理的快速化、自动化、可连续监测等角度,我们将单分散液滴体系引入到微流控体系中,并研究了其对连续流动样品进行处理的效果。研究中,我们通过采用导流轨道和侧面吸收通道的微流控芯片设计,成功解决了单分散液滴操控困难,难以回收的问题,在萃取完成后实现了单分散萃取剂液滴的在线回收,使被萃取样品具有后续利用的可能。另外,我们也在30秒内实现了样品流的有效萃取及荧光检测,证明了该液体样品处理方法的快速性。从液体样品处理进一步可控化,并促进相应器件或设备的开发或使用的角度,我们制备了具有电化学响应性的修饰基底,并将其应用于蛋白质溶液的处理中。研究中,我们利用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合向基底表面引入大量反应位点,进而引入环糊精与二茂铁的主客体相互作用,实现了修饰基底在电化学刺激下可控的蛋白质吸附与抗吸附转变。该研究内容为液体样品处理中相应器件和设备的表面修饰及电化学调控提供了重要的参考。从液体样品处理更加简便的角度,我们研究了氧化石墨烯直接应用于水溶液中雌激素吸附的效果。相比碳纳米管、还原石墨烯等碳材料,我们使用获取更加便捷、本身具有较好分散性的氧化石墨烯,将其直接应用于水溶液中样品的吸附。研究结果表明,氧化石墨烯的吸附能力与类似碳材料相当,具有直接用于相应样品处理的潜力。由于简化了所用材料的合成与修饰,降低了成本。通过三个不同角度的研究,本论文展示了液体样品处理领域中新技术、新材料所具有的多样性、广泛性,并拓展了相应技术及材料在液体处理领域的应用。
[Abstract]:The treatment of liquid samples is a very important subject in the fields of health, environment, biological detection and so on.As people pay more and more attention to the related fields, the demand for liquid sample processing is increasing, and the technical requirements for liquid sample processing are becoming higher and higher, which has given birth to a series of new liquid sample processing methods.The birth of new technology and materials, and promote its rapid development.In this context, we focus on new technologies and materials in liquid sample processing.The new technology represented by microfluidic technology and the new material represented by functionally modified surface and carbon materials were selected as the main research subjects, and the applications of these new technologies or materials in liquid sample treatment were studied from different angles.From the point of view of rapid, automatic and continuous monitoring of liquid sample processing, we introduced the monodisperse droplet system into the microfluidic system, and studied its effect on the continuous flow sample treatment.In the research, we have successfully solved the problem of single dispersed droplet manipulation and difficult recovery by using microfluidic chip design of diversion track and side absorption channel. After extraction, we have realized the on-line recovery of monodisperse extractant droplets.It is possible for the extracted sample to be reused.In addition, we have realized the effective extraction and fluorescence detection of the sample flow within 30 seconds, which proves the rapidity of the liquid sample processing method.From the point of view of further controllable liquid sample treatment and promoting the development or use of the corresponding devices or devices, we have prepared the electrochemical responsive modified substrate and applied it to the treatment of protein solution.In our study, we used surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization to introduce a large number of reaction sites to the substrate surface, and then to introduce the host-guest interaction of cyclodextrin with ferrocene.The controllable protein adsorption and anti-adsorption transitions of the modified substrate under electrochemical stimulation were realized.This study provides an important reference for the surface modification and electrochemical regulation of the corresponding devices and devices in liquid sample processing.From the point of view of more convenient liquid sample treatment, we have studied the effect of direct application of graphene oxide to estrogen adsorption in aqueous solution.Compared with carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene and other carbon materials, we use graphene oxide, which is more convenient to obtain and have better dispersion, and apply it directly to the adsorption of samples in aqueous solution.The results show that the adsorption capacity of graphene oxide is similar to that of similar carbon materials and has the potential to be directly used in sample treatment.By simplifying the synthesis and modification of the materials used, the cost is reduced.Through the research of three different angles, this paper shows the diversity and extensiveness of new technologies and materials in the field of liquid sample treatment, and extends the application of corresponding technologies and materials in liquid treatment field.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34;O647.3

【相似文献】